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Revision 2021 ( all unit test ) > English > Flashcards

English Flashcards

tuesday revision

1
Q

A Scottish novelist, poet and travel writer, most noted for his novel Treasure
Island.

A

Robert Louis

Stevenson

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2
Q

A word describing an attribute of a noun, such as sour, red, cold, smooth.

A

Adjective

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3
Q

Name of a person, place or thing. E.g. Linda, Coleford, table, horse.

A

Noun

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4
Q

Used to describe a verb. Usually they are adjectives with an –ly suffix. E.g. gently,
carefully, cleverly.

A

Adverb

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5
Q

A word used to describe an action E.g. run, sit, swim, eat, write.

A

Verb

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6
Q

A conclusion or opinion that is formed because of known facts or evidence. E.g. If
your teacher smiles or laughs, you might infer they are in a good mood.

A

Inference

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7
Q

Basing opinions on obvious facts to understand the explicit meaning.

A

Deduction

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8
Q

The comparison of one thing with another using ‘like’ or ‘as’

A

Simile

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9
Q

The occurrence of the same letter at the beginning of words.

A

Alliteration

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10
Q

A figure of speech that directly compares one thing to another

A

Metaphor

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11
Q

When you give an animal or object qualities or abilities that only a human
can have.

A

Personification

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12
Q

A figure of speech where an object, person, or situation has another
meaning other than its literal meaning. E.g. Red can represent danger

A

Symbolism

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13
Q

Behaviour that is contrary to or forbidden by criminal law.

A

Criminality

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14
Q

Giving or showing firm and constant support or to a person or institution.

A

Loyalty

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15
Q

Having a responsibility to someone or something and committing to that
responsibility.

A

Duty

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16
Q

A result or effect, typically one that is unwelcome or unpleasant. Many of the
characters are seen to be dealing with the aftermath of their choices.

A

Consequences

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17
Q

The practice of attacking and robbing ships at sea. It was a major threat to
Britain’s export industry in the early 18
th century

A

Piracy

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18
Q

Giving emotions to something non-human. Often it is used to give the
weather human emotions to reflect the mood of a character.

A

Pathetic Fallacy

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19
Q 
To behave in a wild state (often used to describe an animal) after escape
from captivity (being imprisoned or confined).
A

Feral

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20
Q

An immoral (evil) or corrupt person

A

Degenerate

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21
Q

The protagonist. We watch him grow into a man over the course of the
novel.

A

Jim Hawkins

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22
Q

The antagonist. He challenges some of the stereotypes surrounding pirates

A

Long John Silver

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23
Q

He is portrayed as a fool when he falls for Long John Silver’s plot to capture
the Hispaniola.

A

Squire Trelawney

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24
Q

Middle class, educated. He is the doctor and becomes a sympathetic and
practical character

A

Dr Livesey

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25
Q

He survives being stranded by his crew and is a symbol of the rough justice
of the pirates. He helps Jim Hawkins to escape.

A

Ben Gunn

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26
Q

To actively go against or oppose authority or control.

A

Rebellious

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27
Q

To be boldly disobedient.

A

Defiant

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28
Q

To give up something that you care about, for the sake of something that is
regarded as more important or worthy.

A

Sacrifice

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29
Q

A person’s face or facial expression.

A

Countenance

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30
Q

Someone who understands people or situations and who shows sensitivity.

A

Perceptive

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31
Q

Someone who lies, actively misleads and cannot be trusted.

A

Deceitful

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32
Q

An exposed area or weakness

A

Vulnerable

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33
Q

To express passionate grief or sorrow, sometimes as a song or poem.

A

Lament

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34
Q

To have excessive pride or self-confidence which often leads to someone’s
downfall.

A

Hubris

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35
Q

Something that cannot be changed, reversed, or recovered.

A

Irrevocably

36
Q

The leading character in a film, novel, story, poem or song. They can be
both a hero and an anti-hero.

A

Protagonist

37
Q

A person who opposes or is hostile (unfriendly) to someone, often the
protagonist.

A

Antagonist

38
Q

Something that is unclear and difficult to understand or see

A

Obscure

39
Q

To find comfort in a time of great distress or sadness.

A

Solace

40
Q

A risky or daring journey or course of action.

A

Venture

41
Q

To show great bravery.

A

Heroism

42
Q

A novel dealing with one person’s formative years or spiritual education.

A

Bildungsroman

43
Q

The principles that help us understand what is right and wrong.

A

Morality

44
Q

A story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden
meaning.

A

Allegory

45
Q

A character who contrasts with another character

A

A foil

46
Q

An image, icon or object used to represent ideas, feelings or concepts.
E.g.: a snake represents evil due to the story of Adam and Eve in the bible

A

Symbol

47
Q

A narrative poem about a serious subject, usually about heroic deeds.

A

Epic poetry

48
Q

A dominant or repeated idea in a piece of work. In Treasure Island, these
repeated ideas are solitude, the colour black and animals.

A

Motif

49
Q 
A tale that ends in sadness, usually caused by the protagonist's hubris or
fatal flaw (a character trait that causes their downfall).
A

Tragedy

50
Q

A belief that art and literature should provide instruction and information as
well as enjoyment and pleasure.

A

Didacticism

51
Q

A story where the hero ‘falls under a dark spell’ (sleep, sickness or enchantment)
before breaking free and being redeemed. E.g.: The Fall of Man, A Christmas Carol.

A

Rebirth

52
Q

A story where at the beginning, the hero is insignificant and dismissed by others, but
something happens to elevate them, revealing them to be exceptional. E.g.: Cinderella,
Pygmalion.

A

Rags to riches

53
Q

A story made up of humorous events, normally involving mistaken identity,
misunderstanding or confusion. E.g A Midsummer Night’s Dream.

A

Comedy

54
Q

A story where there is an evil force threatening the hero/their world/mankind. The hero
must fight and slay this monster, which often isn’t easy, but they come out triumphant,
and receive a great reward. Eg – Beowulf, The Epic of Gilgamesh.

A

Overcoming the

monster

55
Q

In this story the hero travels out of their ‘normal world’ into the overwhelming and
unknown, before escaping back to the safety of their home. This is different to the
Quest. E.g.: Alice in Wonderland

A

Voyage and return

56
Q

A story where there is a mission, the hero must set out on a long, hazardous journey,
and will battle all obstacles until they are triumphant. E.g.: The Odyssey

A

Quest

57
Q

A saying that has a different message to what the individual words mean, for example,
‘that’s a piece of cake’ is a saying for ‘that’s easy’

A

Idiom

58
Q

Idiom meaning an area of weakness/vulnerability, which could lead to your downfall.
Origin - the greek myth of Achilles.

A

Achilles’ heel

59
Q

Idiom meaning something that is invited in or inserted that appears harmless or
positive but later reveals itself to be dangerous and damaging. Origin - the greek myth
of Troy.

A

A Trojan horse

60
Q

Something that is prohibited and therefore becomes more desirable. Origin - Garden of
Eden story in the bible

A

Forbidden fruit

61
Q

Something seen as a great treasure that turns out to be a curse. Origin - the greek
myth of Pandora

A

To open Pandora’s

box

62
Q

Where a person’s achievement is limited based on how others perceive them rather
than on their actual potential. Origin - a theory named after the greek myth of
Pygmalion.

A

The Pygmalion effect

63
Q

When a person achieves unexpected or sudden success, especially after obscurity,
neglect, or misery. Origin - cultural tales going as far back as 6BC.

A

A Cinderella story

64
Q

To be responsible for the well-being of a sibling, or for other human beings in general.
Origin - the story of Cain and Abel in the bible

A

To be your brother’s

keeper

65
Q

Don’t allow your ambition to get out of control or run away with you. Origin - Icarus’
story in greek mythology

A

Don’t fly to close to the sun

66
Q

When a ‘small’ or unexpected person/organisation defeats a larger one in a surprising
way. Origin - the bible tale of the shepherd who defeated a giant.

A

David versus Goliath

67
Q

To enter into a situation that is particularly strange, problematic, difficult, complex, or
chaotic. Origin - Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll.

A

Down the rabbit hole

68
Q

Used to describe someone who’s prone to unpredictable behaviour. Origin - chemicals
used by hat makers in the 1800s sent them mad.

A

Mad as a hatter

69
Q

Based on the story of Helen of Troy in greek mythology whose beauty was such that a
suitor started a large scale war to win her hand. Origin of phrase - 17th century poem
by Marlowe.

A

The face that
launched a thousand
ships

70
Q

To hint or refer to something indirectly.

A

Allusion

71
Q

A figure of speech containing an implied comparison.

A

Metaphor

72
Q

A story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a
moral or political one.

A

Allegory

73
Q

A perfect place or paradise. Origin - the garden that God created for Adam and Eve in
the bible.

A

Eden

74
Q

To desire to do something, especially something that is wrong or unwise.

A

Temptation

75
Q

To actively go against or oppose authority or control.

A

Rebellious

76
Q

To be boldly disobedient.

A

Defiant

77
Q

To give up something valued for the sake of something else regarded as more
important or worthy. Traditionally an animal is killed to honour a deity (god).

A

Sacrifice

78
Q

A person’s face or facial expression.

A

Countenance

79
Q

To have or show sensitive insight into something or someone.

A

Perceptive

80
Q

Don’t fly too close to

the sun

A

Don’t allow your ambition to get out of control or run away with you. Origin - Icarus’
story in greek mythology

81
Q

David versus Goliath

A

When a ‘small’ or unexpected person/organisation defeats a larger one in a surprising
way. Origin - the bible tale of the shepherd who defeated a giant.

82
Q

Down the rabbit hole

A

To enter into a situation that is particularly strange, problematic, difficult, complex, or
chaotic. Origin - Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll.

83
Q

Mad as a hatter

A

Used to describe someone who’s prone to unpredictable behaviour. Origin - chemicals
used by hat makers in the 1800s sent them mad.

84
Q

The face that
launched a thousand
ships

A

Based on the story of Helen of Troy in greek mythology whose beauty was such that a
suitor started a large scale war to win her hand. Origin of phrase - 17th century poem
by Marlowe

85
Q

A word or group of words that contain a noun and that work together to form the
subject, object or prepositional phrase in a sentence

A

Noun phrase

86
Q

A noun that renames the noun that comes before it. E.g.: The playwright,
Shakespeare, wrote plays. The appositive phrase is Shakespeare, it’s renamed the
noun ‘author.’ Or, artist Georgia O’Keeffe painted images of flowers. Georgia O’Keeffe
is the appositive phrase. It identifies the artist.

A

Appositive phrase

87
Q

A verb used in forming the tenses, moods, and voices of other verbs. The primary
auxiliary verbs are be, do, and have. Modal auxiliaries are can, could, may, might,
must, shall, should, will, and would.

A

Auxiliary verbs

Revision 2021 ( all unit test ) (17 decks)

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