Science 4C Flashcards
True or False: Only producers perform photosynthesis
True (primarily plants and algae)
What is the process that most producer organisms use to make their food?
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis takes these three things and converts these into oxygen and the chemical energy of sugar.
light energy from the sun
carbon dioxide
water
Photosynthesis takes light energy from the sun, carbon dioxide, and water and converts these into
- ?
- ?
oxygen and
chemical energy of sugar
This general equation shows the reactants and products of photosynthesis:
______ + _____ + _____ → ______ + ______
(reactants) (products)
carbon dioxide + water + light energy → sugar + oxygen
What organisms perform photosynthesis?
Plants and algae (producers)
In photosynthesis, _______ energy (light) is changed to _______ energy (sugar).
kinetic energy (light) potential energy (sugar)
Photosynthesis does NOT occur every time water, carbon dioxide, and light energy combine.
For photosynthesis to occur, what else must be present?
Organelles
Enzymes
Special pigments (chlorophyl)
Even though the same materials are present, the photosynthesis “assembly line” for sugar molecules is different from the cellular respiration “disassembly line.” What are these differences?
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis use different enzymes.
The energy used by photosynthesis is LIGHT, energy produced by cellular respiration is ATP.
photosynthesis:
photo = ? synthesis = ?
photo = light synthesis = to put together
Energy is the ability to do work. Energy can be divided into two types—
kinetic and potential
What type of energy is the energy of motion? It is energy that is being used.
What type of energy is stored energy? It has the potential to do work, but it isn’t doing any work while it is being stored
Kinetic energy
Potential energy
Sunlight is this type of energy? Producers capture that energy and store it in a sugar molecule.
The sugar molecule is a form of ______ energy. It will store and keep this energy for later.
Kinetic
potential
_______ are colored substances that absorb light energy. They are necessary to perform photosynthesis.
Pigments
BTW: Various pigments make some algae and plant leaves appear red, pink, yellow, brown, etc
What is the primary pigment of photosynthesis.
HINT: it is green
Chlorophyll
BTW: As chlorophyll absorbs light, the energy is changed to a new form. It becomes chemical energy. This chemical energy, (oxygen) is used in the rest of photosynthesis.
Where is Chlorophyll located in a cell?
HINT: it’s an organelle
Chloroplasts
What’s the difference between chlorophyll and chloroplasts?
Chlorophyl is a green pigment (dye)
Chloroplasts are an organelle with green pigment inside
How many membranes do Chloroplasts? Describe them:
Outer layer is normal membrane
Inner layer has stacks of flattened sacs that look like coins. They overlap and interconnect with itself in many places
Which membrane of the Chloroplast is Chlorophyll located?
inner membrane (stacks of coins) (show page 84)
What are the two phases of photosynthesis?
light-dependent phase and the light-independent phase
Process of photosynthesis:
Step 1: capture sunlight in chloroplasts
Step 2: change carbon dioxide and water into sugar (this occurs in spaces between Chloroplasts two membranes). The energy captured by chlorophyll is stored in the chemical bonds of sugar molecules (potential energy)
TWO reasons why photosynthesis is important to humans
HINT: we are consumers
- Some Consumers get energy from eating plants (they take the plants sugar energy)
- Many organisms use aerobic cellular respiration (Oxygen) to transform sugar energy into the usable form of ATP. (We breathe)
Describe the process of photosynthesis in simple terms:
photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to produce stored chemical energy (sugar) and oxygen
4C Section Review
List the three substances that photosynthesis uses to form sugar and oxygen.
carbon dioxide + water + light energy → sugar + oxygen
carbon dioxide + water + light energy →
Oxygen is released during which phase of photosynthesis?
a. light-independent
b. electron transport chain
c. light-dependent phase
d. fermentation process.
Light-dependent phase
What process does this equation represent?
carbon dioxide + water + light energy → sugar + oxygen
Photosynthesis
- (True or False) Photosynthesis is performed only by organisms that do not use cellular respiration.
False.
ALL organisms have cellular respiration
Substances that absorb light energy are called __________.
Pigments
Photosynthesis takes kinetic energy from the sun and stores it as potential energy in the form of sugar.
True
What substance absorbs light energy during photosynthesis?
a. carbon dioxide
c. chlorophyll
b. oxygen
d. lactic acid
Chlorophyl
True or False:
Chlorophyl is a pigment. What color?
True. Green
What is the primary purpose of photosynthesis?
a. produce ATP for the cell
b. produce carbon dioxide for cellular respiration
c. to produce sugar for the organism
d. to produce water for the water cycle
Produce ATP
In which phase of photosynthesis is sugar produced?
Light-independent phase
