Schizophrenia

Question 1

purely psychotic symptoms are indicative of this disorder

Answer 1

schizophrenia

Question 2

a disorder that has mostly mood symptoms, and some psychotic symptoms

Answer 2

bipolar disorder

Question 3

characterizations of schizophrenia

Answer 3

delusions (fixed, false beliefs, often paranoid), hallucinations, odd behavior, language disturbance, normal memory and cognition

Question 4

patients with schizophrenia may present looking like they are..

Answer 4

high on drugs (do a tox screen)

Question 5

examples of behavior of schizophrenia

Answer 5

strangeness, shopping cart men, bag ladies, repeating words, neologisms (made up words with special meanings)

Question 6

best estimate of worldwide population with schizophrenia

Answer 6

0.5-1% (0.7%)

Question 7

age of onset of schizophrenia

Answer 7

15-25 y/o for males

20-30 y/o for females

Question 8

later, abrupt age of onset indicates this prognosis

Answer 8

good prognosis

Question 9

earlier age of onset, gradual onset, family Hx indicates this prognosis

Answer 9

bad prognosis

Question 10

phases of schizophrenia

Answer 10

phase 1 prodrome

phase 2 psychotic phase

phase 3 positive symptoms resolution

Question 11

parental factor that increases risk for schizophrenia

Answer 11

increased paternal age at time of conception

Question 12

genetic risk factors for schizophrenia

Answer 12

10% chance if 1 parent affected; 50% chance is both parents affected

Question 13

environmental risk factors for schizophrenia

Answer 13

cannabis, brain trauma, severe stress in predisposed individuals

Question 14

what is the outcome of the study showing that if an identical twin has schizophrenia, that the other twin has a 50% chance of getting it?

Answer 14

there are both genetic and environmental factors at play for schizophrenia

Question 15

diagnosing schizophrenia must include one of these signs for at least one month

Answer 15

(and one must be 1, 2, or 3)

1. hallucinations
2. delusions
3. disorganized speech (grossly bizarre language)
4. catatonia or grossly disorganized behavior
5. negative symptoms, affective flattening, alogia, avolition

Question 16

what are the positive symptoms? what are the negative symptoms?

Answer 16

pos: delusions, hallucinations
neg: blunted affect, social withdrawal, lack of motivation

Question 17

what are the thought disorganization symptoms? what are the cognitive symptoms?

Answer 17

loosed associated, neologisms

memory deficit, concentration problems

Question 18

other things in differential for schizophrenia patients

Answer 18

drug intox (coke, amphetamine, PCP, bath salts), medical conditions, other psych disorders

Question 19

important medical condition in differential for schizophrenia diagnosis

Answer 19

Huntington’s disease! depression, anxiety, hallucinations, delusions, irritability, dementia, choreiform movements, high suicide risk

Question 20

a triplet repeat disease with genetic anticipation; whats the amino acid run in the protein? in what part of meiosis does this repeat expand?

Answer 20

Huntington’s disease

glutamine

male meiosis

Question 21

what happens to the gross brain during Huntington’s?

Answer 21

disappearance of caudate nucleus

Question 22

what is the ratio of symptoms in schizoaffective disorder?

Answer 22

half mood signs, half psychotic signs (if it was more psychotic, it would be schizophrenia)

Question 23

a disorder with prominent delusions without hallucinations or language disturbance; subtypes

Answer 23

delusional disorder, often paranoid

can be erotomanic, jealous, persecutory, somatic (do not do surgery on these patients)

Question 24

if psychosis is less than one month, its….

if less than 6 months

if more than 6 months

Answer 24

brief psychotic disorder

schizophreniform disorder

schizophrenia

Question 25

gross brain pathology of schizophrenia

Answer 25

enlarged ventricles, shrunken thalamus, frontal lobe deficit, limbic system overdrive, dopamine tract is off

Question 26

origin of dopamine

tracts of dopamine

Answer 26

substantia nigra

mesolimbic

mesocortical

nigrostriatal

tubero-infundibular

Question 27

results of frontal lobe problems in schizophrenia

Answer 27

poor planning, poor self monitoring, poor grooming, poor social connections