CNS Stimulants Flashcards
chemical convulsant list
strychnine, picrotoxin, pentyl-enetetrazol
mechanism of action of strychnine, picrotoxin, and pentylenetetrazol
strychnine: blocks glycine receptors (ligand gated Cl- channels)
picro and pentyl: non-competitive inhiitionof Cl- channels of GABAa recpetors
both do DISinhibition
the methylxanthines
caffeine, theophylline, theobromine (all plant products)
dose-dependent CNS effects of methylxanthines
nervous mood, possible convulsions
cognitive effects of methylxanthines
increased capacity for intellectual effort and decreased reaction time
decreased fine motor coordination, timing skills
respiratory effects of methylxanthines
increase sensitivity of medullary centers to CO2
increased ventilation due to chemoreceptors providing increased stimulatory inputs
effects on heart of methylxanthines
slight decrease in HR
large doses elicit tachycardia, increased CO
effect of methylxanthines on vasculature
dilates peripheral vasculature, increased blood flow to skeletal muscle; constricts cerebral vasculature
mechanism of action of methylxanthines
antagonism of adenosine receptors
what increases half life of methylxanthine?
what decreases the half life?
hepatic disease, pregnant women, women on the pill
smoking, combo with phenytoin or barbituates
non-nicotine drug for tobacco dependence
buproprion
partial agonist at nicotinic receptor, useful for smoking cessation
varenicline (Chantix)
antagonist at cannabinoid receptors; pulled from market due to psych effects
rimonabant
psychomotor stimulants
amphetamine, cocaine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate
therapeutic uses of amphetamines
weight control, narcolepsy, ADHD (methylphenidate is Ritalin)
