Antipsychotic Meds Flashcards
list the neurotransmitter most tied to antipsychotic efficacy and motor side effects
dopamine
all antipsychotics block D2 receptors
state differences in adverse affects between low potency (chlorpromazine) and high potency 1st gens (haloperidol)
Chlorpromazine: more weight gain, more sedation
Haloperidol: more prolactin, more extrapyramidal side effects
state unique clinical profiles (efficacy and EPS risk) and major adverse effects for clozapine
efficacy: efficacious! only drug with proven therapeutic superiority, some efficacy against neg symptoms
extrapyramidal symptoms risk: does not cause EPS at all!
adverse side effects: risk of agranulocytosis, seizures! drug interactions
describe extrapyramidal adverse effects of antipsychotic meds, and which are most/least likely to cause them
EPS: parkinsonism, dystonia, akathisia
MOST likely to be caused by “-done/-ole” drugs (risperidone, haloperidol)
LEAST likely to be caused by “-pine” drugs (clozapine, quetiapine)
how to medically manage adverse effects of antipsychotic meds
treat dystonia with anticholinergics
treat (bilateral) parkinsonism by switching drug to benztropine!
treat akathisia (restless leg syndrome) with propranolol
describe how antipsychotics affect prolactin
blockade of tuberoinfundibular dopamine receptors can increase prolactin, cause gynecomastia, and galactorrhea
drug list
chlorpromazine haloperidol clozapine risperidone olanzapine quetiapine ziprasidone aripiprazole