SC8f Reactions of Metals with Acids and Carbonates

Question 1

metal + acid →

Answer 1

salt + hydrogen

Question 2

The salts formed from hydrochloric acid are called…
The salts formed from sulfuric acid are called…​
The salts formed from nitric acid are called…

Answer 2

chlorides
sulfates
nitrates

Question 3

e.g. reaction Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq) →

Answer 3

MgSO4(aq) + H2(g)​

Question 4

what does effervesces mean

Answer 4

gives of bubbles

Question 5

what is the test for hydrogen?

Answer 5

lit splint over gas and squeaky pop heard if hydrogen is present

Question 6

Write ionic equations for the reaction between zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid to form zinc chloride (ZnCl2)​
Include state symbols in your equations.​

Answer 6

Balanced equation:​
Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)​

Equation showing all ions. Spectator ions are crossed out:​
Zn(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2Cl–(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + 2Cl–(aq) + H2(g)​

Ionic equation:​
Zn(s) + 2H+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + H2(g)​

Question 7

carbonate + acid →

Answer 7

salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 8

carbonate reaction e.g. MgCO3(s) + H2SO4(aq) →

Answer 8

MgSO4(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)​

Question 9

test for carbon dioxide

Answer 9

add limewater if carbon dioxide is present it will turn milky

Question 10

What is the final ionic equation for the reaction between magnesium carbonate and hydrochloric acid? ​
The balanced equation is given below.​
MgCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)​

Answer 10

Mg2+(s) + CO32-(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2Cl–(aq) → Mg2+(aq) + 2Cl–(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)​

~Water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) consist of molecules, so neither of them has a charge. ​
~Magnesium and chloride ions are the same on both sides of the equation, so they can be crossed out. ​
~Magnesium and chloride ions are the spectator ions. ​
~They are left out of the final ionic equation:​

CO32–(s) + 2H+(aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g)