SC20b Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil

Question 1

what is the process of fractional distillation on crude oil? 6 points

Answer 1

~crude oil is heated strongly to evaporate it
~the hot vapours are passed into the bottom of the fractionating column
~column is hottest at bottom and coldest at top
~the vapours rise through the column and cool down
~vapours condense when they reach just below their boiling points in column
~the separated liquids and gases are called oil factions

Question 2

gases uses?

Answer 2

domestic heating and cooking

Question 3

petrol uses?

Answer 3

fuel for cars

Question 4

kerosene uses?

Answer 4

fuel for aircraft

Question 5

diesel oil uses?

Answer 5

fuel for some cars and trains

Question 6

fuel oil uses?

Answer 6

fuel for large ships and power stations

Question 7

bitumen uses?

Answer 7

surfacing roads and roofs

Question 8

fractions of crude oil in order?

Answer 8

gases, petrol, kerosene, diesel oil, fuel oil, bitumen

Question 9

properties of fractions (top to bottom)

Answer 9

~increasing number of atoms
~increasing boiling points
~increasing difficulty to ignite
~increasing viscosity