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COMLEX Level 2CE > SBSI drills W2 (F) > Flashcards

SBSI drills W2 (F) Flashcards

Endo, neuro, psych & pulm Deck is full

1
Q

What are the 3 rapid acting insulins

A

LAG
Lispro
Aspart
Glulicine

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2
Q

Rapid acting insulin s/e

A

hypoglycemia

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3
Q

What is the short acting insulin?

A

regular insulin

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4
Q

What is the intermediate acting insulin?

A

NPH

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5
Q

What are the 2 long acting insulins?

A
  1. detemir

2. glargine

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6
Q

What is the 1st line tx DM2?

A

Lifestyle mods (diet = low carb, exercise =150 min/wk, weight loss)

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7
Q

What is the 2nd line tx for DM2? (bonus: what is the top choice for non-CKD pts)

A

PO DM medications

1st choice = metformin

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8
Q

Why should metformin be avoided in pts w/ renal insufficiency?

A

they can/will develop lactic acidosis

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9
Q

metformin s/e

A
  • lactic acidosis

- GI upset

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10
Q

3 sulfonylureas

A
  1. glipizide
  2. glyburide
  3. glimeparide
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11
Q

sulfonylurea s/e

A
  • hypoglycemia
  • weight gain
  • SIADH
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12
Q

Thiozolidinedione suffix

A

= ___glitazones

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13
Q

Glitazone s/e

A
  • CHF
  • weight gain
    -edema
    [big hearted (CHF, edema) Aretha Franklin (fat)]
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14
Q

alpha-glucosidase inhib s/e

A

diarrhea, bloating, abd pain

pt presents w/ lactose intolerance s/s

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15
Q

What are the 3 GLP-1 analogs?

A
  1. exenotide
  2. dulaglutide
  3. liraglutide
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16
Q

What are the 2 alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?

A
  1. acarbose

2. miglitol

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17
Q

What are the GLP-1 analog s/e?

A
  • pancreatitis

- delayed gastric emptying

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18
Q

Which PO DM meds cause weight loss?

A
  • GLP-1 analogs (acarbose, miglitol)
  • Biguanides (metformin)
  • SGLT2 (__gliflozin)
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19
Q

Which class of PO DM meds is weight neutral?

A

DPP-4 inhibitors (___gliptins)

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20
Q

Which PO DM meds cause weight gain?

A
  • sulfonylureas (glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride)
  • meglitinides (___glinide)
  • glitazones
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21
Q

What are the SGLT-2 drugs?

A

=___gliflozin

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22
Q

SGLT-2 s/e

A
  • UTI (b/c peeing out excess glucose)
  • ketoacidosis
  • metabolic acidosis
  • incr K
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23
Q

demeclocycline uses

A
  • Infec

- SIADH

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24
Q

demeclocycline s/e

A
  • DI (nephrogenic)

- teeth discoloration

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25
Q

Clinical use of levothyroxine =

A

hypothyroidism

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26
Q

levothyroxine s/e =

A

s/s of hyperthyroidism

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27
Q

What do you need to do to manage pregnant pts on levothyroxine?

A

adjust dosage (incr) throughout pregnancy due to physiologic changes of pregnancy

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28
Q

desmopressin use =

A 
CHEVy
    Central DI
    Hemophilia
    Enuresis
    von-willebrand dz
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29
Q

Clinical uses PTU and methimazole = ?

A

hyperthyroidism

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30
Q

PTU s/e

A
  1. agranulocytosis
  2. aplastic anemia
  3. hepatotoxicity
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31
Q

methimazole s/e

A

teratogen (aplasia cutis)

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32
Q

Hyperthyroidism tx during pregnancy

A

1st trimester = PTU
2nd trimester = methimazole
3rd trimester = methimazole

methimazole = teratogenic during 1st trimester
PTU = liver toxic (3rd trimester esp)
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33
Q

Oxytocin use

A
  • induce labor
  • control post-partum hemorrhage
  • abortion
  • milk let down
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34
Q

glucocorticoid s/e

A
  • adrenal insufficiency (sudden withdrawal of LT use)/ addison’s dz
  • Cushing syndrome
  • avascular necrosis
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35
Q

Cinacalcet use

A

hypercalcemia 2/2 1/2 hyperparathyroidism

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36
Q

Cinacalcet s/e

A

hypocalcemia

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37
Q

What drugs can cause SIADH?

A 
CCNDS
    Cyclophosphamide
    Carbamazepine
    NSAIDs
    Desmopressin
    SSRIs
38
Q

Rasburicase uses

A

long term gout tx

tumor lysis syndrome

39
Q

What are 3 meds that cause nephrogenic DI?

A
  1. demeclocycline
  2. lithium
  3. amphotericin B
40
Q

What are the uses of hydroxychloroquine?

A
  • SLE
  • arthritis
  • tx/ppx malaria
41
Q

What are the s/e of hydroxychloroquine?

A

vision changes (blurry vision or halos)

42
Q

pilocarpine uses

A
  • glaucoma (closed and open angle)

- sjrogen’s synd

43
Q

pyridostigmine use

A

myasthenia gravis

44
Q

neostigmine uses

A
  • post-op ileus

- myasthenia gravis

45
Q

fiostigmine used to tx what OD?

A

atropine OD

46
Q

Tx for alzheimer’s dz

A
  1. donepazil (acetylcholinesterase inhib)
  2. rivastigmine (acetylcholinesterase inhib)
  3. galantamine (acetylcholinesterase inhib)
  4. memantine (NMDA antag)
47
Q

Edrophonium use

A

dx myasthenia gravis

Tensilon test

48
Q

clincal use of carbachol?

A

glaucoma (drug decr IOP)

49
Q

latinoprost use

A

glaucoma

50
Q

clinical uses of opiods

A
  • analgesia
  • diarrhea
  • cough suppressant
  • heroine withdrawal (methadone)
51
Q

dantrolene uses

A
  • malig hyperthermia

- NMS

52
Q

3 drugs to tx NMS

A
  1. dantrolene
  2. bromocriptine
  3. amantadine
53
Q

Tx opiod OD

A

naloxone

54
Q

naltrexone use

A

cut opioid cravings

55
Q

tramadol s/e

A
  • serotonin syndrome
  • decr seizure threshhold
  • opioid s/e (constip, resp depression)
56
Q

what are 3 ester local anesthetics?

A
  • procaine
  • cocaine
  • tetracaine
57
Q

what is an amide local anesthetic?

A

lidocaine

58
Q

succinylcholine s/e

A
  • malig hyperthermia
  • hyperkalemia
  • hypercalcemia
59
Q

how to tx essential tremor?

A

propranolol

60
Q

amantadine uses

A
  • NMS
  • parkinson’s
  • influ A
61
Q

triptans s/e

A

coronary vasospasm (C/I CAD and prinzmetal)

62
Q

absence seizure tx=

A
  • ethosuximide
  • valproic acid
  • lamotrigine
63
Q

status epilepticus tx=

A 
1st = benzo (IV)
2nd = phenytoin
3rd = phenobarb
64
Q

pulmonary HTN tx = ?

A
  • long term O2
  • Bosentan
  • Sildenafil
  • Iloprost
65
Q

Bosentan s/e = ?

A

hepatotoxic

66
Q

n-acetyl cystein uses?

A
  • acetaminophen OD

- cystic fibrosis (loosens mucous)

67
Q

TB tx =

A

Rifampin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol

Acute infec = RIPE X2mos –> RI x4mos
Latent infec = INH x9 mos

68
Q

Isoniazid s/e

A
  • peripheral neuropathy
  • drug induced lupus
  • hapatotoxic
  • inhib cyp450
69
Q

What should be given w/ isoniazid to prevent peripheral neuropathies?

A

pyridoxine (vit b6)

70
Q

Ethambutol s/e

A

optic neuritis (will see red and green)

71
Q

rifampin s/e

A

all secretions will be red/orange

-cyp450

72
Q

what drug is similar to rifampin but has less effect on cyp450?

A

rifabutin

73
Q

Medical tx bipolar disorder?

A
  1. lithium
  2. valproate
  3. carbamazepine = lamotrgine
74
Q

Tx bipolar depression =

A
  • quetiapine

- larasidone

75
Q

Lithium C/I if …

A
  • pregnant

- decr renal function

76
Q

Valproate C/I if …

A
  • pregnant

- liver damage

77
Q

clozapine s/e

A
  • agranulocytosis

- weight gain

78
Q

olanzapine s/e

A

weight gain

79
Q

risperidone s/e

A
  • gynecomastia
  • incr prolactin
  • lactation
80
Q

ziprasidone s/e

A

QT prolongation

81
Q

acute dystonia tx =

A
  1. diphenhydramine

2. benztropine

82
Q

akathisia tx=

A
  1. benztropine
  2. propranolol
  3. lorazepam
83
Q

bradykinesia tx =

A
  1. benztropine

2. amantadine

84
Q

chlorpromazine s/e =

A

corneal deposits

85
Q

thyoridizine s/e =

A

retinal deposits / brown tinted vision

86
Q

lithium uses

A
  1. bipolar

2. SIADH

87
Q

lithium s/e

A 
Leukocytosis
         Insipidus (nephrogenic DI)
HypoThyroid
         Heart (ebstein's anomaly) 
          i
          Unwanted Movement (tremor)
88
Q

buspirone use

A

GAD

89
Q

trazidone uses

A
  1. depression

2. insomnia

90
Q

trazidone s/e

A
  1. priapism

2. hypotension

91
Q

duloxetine (cymbalta) uses

A
  • depression

- diabetic neuropathy!!

92
Q

venlafaxine (effexir)

A
  • depression
  • GAD
  • panic disorder

COMLEX Level 2CE (23 decks)

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