salivary glands Flashcards
sialadenitis can be caused by
trauma/obstruction by stones
infection
autoimmune
sialolithiasis
stones obstructing the saliva glands
multiple causes
dehydration of the gland causing calcification caused by infection, dehydration, medications (antihistamines, beta blockers, amphetamines)
sialolithiasis can lead to
secondary infection
dilation of duct causing a retention cyst
infective causes of sialadenitis
mumps, influenza, HIV
normal salivary ducts contain
acini
ducts
other tissues in the background
two common benign cancers of salivary glands
pleomorphic adenoma
warthin tumour
two common malignant tumours fo salivary glands
mucoepidermoid carcinoma
adenoid cystic carcinoma
pleomorphic adenoma
mixed tumour benign tumour with epithelial and myoepithelial components very common in the parotid variable appearance recur if not removed small risk of malignant transformation
warthin tumour
nearly all in parotid
nearly all in smokers
epithelial and lymphoid components
small risk of transformation to carcinoma
mucoepidermoid carcinoma
most common malignant salivary gland tumour
predominantly happen in parotid glands but also common in minor salivary glands
circumscribed but histologically proliferate
three cell types of mucoepidermoid carcinoma
mucinous/ductal cells
squamoid cells
intermediate cells
adenoid cystic carcinoma
biphasic - epithelial and myoepithelial cells
uncommon but important as common in minor salivary glands
slow growing
late metastases - after 5+ years
