biochemical testing for liver disease Flashcards
globulins
total protein - albumin
all other plasma proteins, not all made by the liver
liver enzymes
alkaline phosphatase ALP
gamma glutamyl transferase GGT
alanine aminotransferase ALT
aspartate animotransferase AST
the amino transferases
ALT, AST
if increased, implies hepatitis
bilirubin is a breakdown product of
haem
albumin is synthesised by
the liver
low albumin implies
synthetic function of the liver inhibited
ALP and GGT imply
cholestasis
high bilirubin implies
cholestasis jaundice or increased red cell turnover
albumin may be decreased due to
failure of liver synthetic function but can also be decreased by inflammation or renal losses
high bilirubin
rises if the liver fails to excrete is, but can also be increased by haemolysis
ALT and AST are involved in
amino acid metabolism
high AST may imply
non-liver related pathology
isolates or predominant increase in AST may indicate
skeletal or cardiac macula origin
increased AST:ALT ratio seen in
alcoholic hepatitis, severe liver injury, cirrhosis secondary to chronic hepatitis C infection, non-liver disease include muscle
increased ALT and AST is seen in
viral, autoimmune, alcoholic and toxic hepatitis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
