salbutamol Flashcards
what are the pharmacokinetics for salbutamol
adminsitered: inhaled
distributed: 10% bound to plasma proteins
metabolised: liver
excreted: unchanged in urine (mostly)
what are the pharmacodynamics for salbutamol
selective beta 2 adrenoreceptor stimulant drug.
Has a relaxant effect on smooth muscle in medium/smaller airways which are in spasm in acute asthma attacks
if given through nebuliser (especially with oxygen) this can relieve attack rapidly through its smooth muscle relaxing action
how is salbutamol presented on the road
nebules containing 2.5mg/2.5ml OR
5mg/2.5ml
what are the indications for salbutamol
acute asthma attack where normal inhaler has failed to help
expiratory wheeze due to allergy anaphylaxis, beta blocker overdose, smoke inhalation or other lower airway issue
exacerbation of copd
what are the contra indications for salbutamol
none
cautions of salbutamol
hypertension
angina
overactive thyroid
late pregnancy (due to relaxing uterus)
an abnormal softening og the bronchial tubes larynx and trachea
severe hypertension can occur in pt on beta blockers (use half doses) unless profound hypotension
what are the side effects of salbutamol
tremors
tachycardia
palpitations
headache
tension
peripheral vasodilation
muscle cramps
rash
what is the initial dose for salbutamol in adults
5 milligrams (mg)
what is the max dose for salbutamol
no limit
