Ipratropium Bromide (RESPIRATORY DRUG)

Question 1

What are the pharmacokinetics of ipratropium bromide

Answer 1

Administered: inhaled
Distributed: Plasma protein
Metabolised: liver
Excreted: unchanged faeces

Question 2

what are the pharmacodynamics of ipratropium bromide

Answer 2

anti-muscarinic bronchodilator
also a anti-cholinergic, inhibits acetylcholine and causes parasympathetic activity.

this decreases contactility of smooth muscle in small airways, causes bronchodilation and improves ventilation and oxygenation.

acetylcholine blocking also reduces secretion formation and increases cilia activity to help move excess mucous

depressing the parasympathetic response gives a dominant sympathetic response

Question 3

how is ipratropium bromide presented on the road

Answer 3

nebuliser liquid 250 microgram (mcg) per 1 millilitre(ml) liquid unit dose vial

Nebuliser liquid 500 microgram (mcg) per 2 mililitres (ml) liquid unit dose vial (250 microgram (mcg) per 1 ml (mililitres)

Question 4

what are the indications for ipratropium bromide

Answer 4

acute, severe or life-threatening asthma

acute asthma unresponsive to salbutamol

exacerbation of COPD, unresponsive to salbutamol

expiratory wheeze

Question 5

what is the job role of ipratropium bromide

Answer 5

antimuscarinic bronchodilator drug.

can provide short term relief in acute asthma.

Question 6

do beta 2 agonists work faster then ipratropium bromide (an antimuscarinic bronchodilator)

Answer 6

beta 2 agonist drugs like salbutamol generally work faster

Question 7

who is ipratropium bromide most beneficial for

Answer 7

children suffering with acute asthma

adults suffering with copd

Question 8

what are the contra indications for ipratropium bromide

Answer 8

none

Question 9

what are the cautions for ipratropium bromide

Answer 9

take care when pt is:
pregnant or breast feeding
prostatic hyperplasia
glaucoma (protect the eyes from mist)

IF COPD IS A POSSIBILITY LIMIT NEBULISATION WITH OXYGEN TO 6 MINUTES)

Question 10

what are the side effects for ipratropium bromide

Answer 10

nausea
dry mouth
tachycardia and arrhythmias
allergic reaction
paroxysmal tightness to the chest

Question 11

what is the initial dosage for ipratropium bromide

Answer 11

500 micrograms (mcg) (either as 250mcg in 1 ml OR 500mcg in 2 ml)

Question 12

what is the route of administration

Answer 12

nebuliser (6-8 litres of oxygen)

Question 13

what is the max dose for ipratropium bromide

Answer 13

500 micrograms (mcg)