Safety Flashcards
What are intentional injuries
Deliberate acts of ciolence or abuse that often have fatal consqiences
What are unintentioal injuries
Accidents
What is the jiont commission
An organization that accredits hosptial with the goal of pt SAFETY
What are national pt safety goals (NPSGs)
goals that focus on pt safety, delivery of care, and strategies to avoid bad outcome
How are the NPSG goals met
Standards of care
What are the 7 NPSGs
INDENTIY, COMMUNICAITON, MEDS, ALARMS, HAI, RISKS, SURGERY
What are individual factors affecting safety
Body system INTEGRITY, normal or abnormal function of the body
What can ristricted ROM lead to
Diminished strength, bad gait, falls
What can immobility lead to
Skin breaksown, pressure injuries
What can a bad cognitive ability lead to
Poor judgement, doesn’t understand limitations, FORGET to turn off the stove
What can a bad sensory perception lead to
Can’t tell if something is burning
What can impaired perfusion lead to
SOB, cheast pain, activity intolerance, issues with ADLs
If a person has cardiopulmonary issues what may they have a difficult time with
Using the toilet, bathe, sit, stand, walking
What can an impaired ability to excrete medication lead to
toxicity, falls
What does prevention mean
Pt EDICATION!!!!!
What is lead poisoning
Built up levels of lead in your blood
What sysmtems does lead posioning affect
Everything especially neuro
What is lead posisoning most common in and why
Children, they like to eat and like old paint that could be made with lead
What are the S+S of lead psisoning
Developmental delay, seizures, pica, vomiting, ab pain
What is pica
Eatting things that are not food
How can you prevent lead poisoning
Blood draws in children, updating painting
What is carbon monoxide poisoning reffered to
Silent killer
What is carbon monoxide
Colorless, oderless gas
What does carbon monoxide do
Binds to hemoglobin reducing the O2 supply to the body
What are the sources of carbon monoxide
Cars, stove, gas, generators, buring wood
What are the common scenarios of carbon monoxide posisoning
smoke inhalation, running cars is small areas, bad heating systems
How can you prevent carbon monoxide poisoning
Proper ventilation
What are the four categories of abuse
Sexual, emotional, physical, and finacial
What are the nursing interventions of abuse
Give RESOURCES, FILE a report for minors, or seek MANAGERS
What are some intrinsic factors of risks for falls
Age, dementia, weakness, surgery, sensory, polypharmacy
What do BP meds usally do
Lower BP which can lead to dizziness
What do lasix do
Make you pee which can lead to falls
What do antihistamines do
Make you drowsy
What are some extrinsic factors for risks for fall fisks
Cluttered walkways, wet floor, bad footwear, bad lighting, lines
What are some nursing interventions for preventing falls
Gait belt, yellow socks and wristband, lowest bed position, call light, no rugs, hourly rounding, nurse’s station, bed alarm, lighting, orient
What bed alarm setting would you give a pt who wants to keep leaving
Sitting on the side
What bed alarm setting would you want to give for someone who had a spinal injury or who is vented
When they turn over
What bed alarm setting would you give for most fall risk pts
When they leave the bed
What should you do if a pt falls
STAY with pt, call light, yell, physical assessment, questions, get back up, post fall huddle, incident report
Which systems are important to assess after a fall
Neurological, muscloskeltal
What questions should you ask regaring a fall
Why is happened and if htey hit their head
Why is it important to ask if a pt hit there head in a fall
Anticoagulant meds, get them a CT scan
What is a seizure
Abnormal and sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain
What is epilepsy
Chronic seizure activity due to a chronic condition
What are some causes of seizures
Increased fever with children, alcohol withdrawl, hypoxia, hypoglycemia, ABG imbalance
What are the 4 seizure stages
Prodromal, aura, ictus seizure, post-ictus
What is the prodromal stage of a seizure
Symptoms that come before the actual seizure
What is the aura stage of a seizure
Warning signs right before the siezure, weird smell or taste, altered vision, dizzy
Do all pts experience an aura before a seizure
No
What is the ictus seizure stage of a seizure
The actual seizure
What is a status epilepticus
EMERGENCY, seizure that lasts more that 5 mins
What is the post-itcus stage of a seizure
Recovery
What are some symptoms after a seizure
Headache, injury, confusion, tired, may have lost control of their bodily functions
What do you need at the bedside of a seizure pt
Oxygen, airway, suction, padding, saline lock (patency)
What is the patency of a line
Once a shift you check the area around the IV and flush it to see if there is blood return
What are the nursing inerventions for a seizure
STAY with the pt, call for help, 4 side rails up with padding, lateral position, lowest bed setting, pillow, maintain airway, note duration and time of seizure
Should you put anything in the mouth of a pt who is seeing
ONly when their airway is compromised
What is a seizure called when it lasts more than 5 minutes
Status epileptics
What should you not do for a seizing pt
Restrain them, force the jaw open, move the pt, leave the pt
What should you do if a pt starts seizing while abulating
Leg slide to the floor, pillow, remove furniture, privacy, lateral side
What are the post-seizure nursing interventions
Mental status, O2, explain what happened, comfort, document
What should you document after a seizure
Precipitating bahaviors, description of the event (injuries, length, aura, postical state)
What are restraints
Chemical, enviromental, or physcial devices that restrict FREEDOM of movement
What does EBP says about restrants
Reduce the NEED and use LESS restrictive measures first
When do you use restrants
Immediate threat of harm to self or others
What should restraints not be
Punishment, convenience, intergere wiht treatment
What should restrants be
Less restrictive, fit, quick release knot
What are some less invasice measures
Orient, nurse station, family, min stimuli, distractions, agitation, basic needs, sitter, cover tubes
What are the requirments for restrainsts
Have a HCP order, face-to-face assessment of pt, or within an hour, must include reason, type, location, and time, reorder Q24
Are PRN orders for restrants allowed
No
What type of restraints can you use for overly combative pts
Chemical sedatives
What type of restrant is a posey bed
An envriomental restraints for people with intellectual disabilityes
What are the types of physical restraints
Vest, mittens, belt, wirst
What restraint should you use for pts in a wheelchair
vest/jacket
What restraint should you use for pts who are scratching at wounds
Mitten
What restraint should you use to keep pts from falling out of bed
Belt
What restraint should you use to stop pts from pulling ESSENTIAL lines
Wrist
What are the classifications of wrist restraints
2 point and 4 point
What are some nursing interventions for restraints
Assess skin and need for restrants, offer food and fluids, elimination, ROM
Can you tie a quick release knot to the bedrail
NO
What ia a major cause of death for all ages
Fire in the home
What should you educate your pts about a home safety plan
Numbers, exitinguisher, alarms, exit plan, stop drop and roll
What are some oxygen tank safety things to know
No smoking isgn, store away from HEAT, only SOTTON, on a RACK, WATER based lubricants for the nares
What does race stand for
Rescue, alarm, contain, extinguish
How can you contain a fire
Close doors, turn off O2
What are you going to do during a fire if your pt is on life-support
Bag-valve mask
What does PASS stand for
Pull, aim, squeeze, sweep
