Personal Hygiene Flashcards
What is out natural barrier to the outside world, mostly dirt
Skin
What are sweat glands activated by
Heat, nervousness, or stress
What do sweat glands produce
Body oder
What do sebaceous glands produce
Sebum
What does sebum cuase
Oily hair
Where are sebacuous glands found
Everywhere execpt the palms and soles of the feet
What is the purpose of sebum
Moisturize
What do nails protect
The ends of the fingers
What is halatoisis
Bad breathe caused by bacteria in the mouth
Where do mucous membranes line
Passages and cavities of the body. Ex. NOSE, MOUTH, MOUTH
Can bed sores go to bone
Yes
What is excoriation
Red, scaly areas with surface loss of tissue
What causes excoriation
Skin expoused to body FLUIDS and/or MOISTURE
Who are the populations we are most worried about for excoriation
BED ridden, INCONTANT, BABIES, SURGERY
Where is excoriation common
AXILLA, pendulous BREASTS, abdominal FOLDS
What is alopecia
Absence or loos of hair
What causes alopecia
GENES, ILLNESSES, DRUGS
What should you do for your pt with alopecia
EDUCATE, SUPPORT, RESOURCES
What is pediculosis
Lice, a contagious scalp infection
Where can you find pediculosis
Ears and back of neck
How does pediculosis precent
Itching, redness of scalp
What can happen with untreated pediculosis
A secondary bacterial infection
How does pediculosis happen
Sharing objects
Who takes care of pediculosis
Specalists will usally come in
Who are the populations we are worried about for pediculosis
Children, long haird, homeless
What is the definition of shear
The mechanical force that acts on an area of ski nin a direction PARALLEL to the body’s surface
Is shear seen at the skin level
no
What is the biggest cause of shear
Elevating the head of the bed
What is an example of shear
Pulling bolnes of pelcis in one direction and skin in opposite directions
What will pts complain of if they are experiencing shear
Their BACK hurting
What is the definition of friction
The mechanical force exerted when skin is DRAGGED across a coarse surface
Can you see friction
yes such as blisters
What does friction increase
The skin’s adherence to an outside surface
What are some factors to friction
AGE (skin braeks down), uncontrollable MOVEMENT, BRACES/APPLIANCES
What is an example of friction
Sliding the patient from the bed
Which pts will have alterations in self-care
ILLNESS, SURGERY, IMMONILITY, CONGNITIVE dysfunction
What do you need to do to find what type of assistance your pt needs
ASK questions and ASSESS
Which pts have drier, thinner skin and will not tolerate vigorous bathing
Older people
How should you go about bathing older pts skin
ASSESS and be GENTLE
What can happen if dentures don’t fit correctly
They can cause DIGERSTIVE issues, PAIN, DISCOMFORT
What should you do if your pts dentures don’t fit
Give them a referal
What happens when old people have drier mouths
They have decreased saliva production
What can you give your pts when they have a dry mouth
Wet sponges
What happens to older adults when they have dental problems
Poor nutritional status
What does an assessment start with
Diversity considerations
At what age do children start ot do things on their own
3-4 years old
Should you give as much independence as possible
yes
What should you do if a pt wants a different gender nurse
EDUCATE why it’s important that it gets done and that you are AVAILBLE then find SOMEONE else
How should you find out about a pts culture, ethnicity, and religious practices
The PATIENT or the FAMILY
What can effect a pts mobility and range of motion
Disablities
What should you ask about the skin, hair, nails, and mouth
DRY skin, RAHES, SORES
When should you inspect the skin, hair, nails and mouth
BEFORE and DURING the bathing process
What does ADL stand for
Activites of daily living
Can ADLs change
Yes, you should always ASSESS
When do you assess a pts ADLs
ARRIVAL and THROUGHOUT stay
Which resource deals with ADLs
Occupational theratpy
Should you assume that a person has poor hygiene or that they don’t care for themselves
No, you should ask QUESTIONS to get the STORY
What can indiacate poor hygiene
Skin, scapl or oral INFECTIONS
How can you calm a kid down
Give them a BATH
What is the purpose of bathing
to CLEANSE the body, stimulate CIRCULATION, provide RELAXATION, and enhance HEALING
Can bathing be delegated to UAP
Yes
What are the three types of baths
COMPLETE, PARTIAL, THERAPEUTIC
What is a complete bath
Pt does not need help
What is a partical bath
Pt can perform PART of the bath
What is a therapeutic bath
To promote COMFORT and soothe ITCHY skin
What is a sitz bath
Bath for a MOM after birth
How often should a pt be bathed in the hospital
Once daily
What should you do for pts who become tired during bathing
Allow REST periods
What should you assess for reddened areas while giving a bath
BACK and BUTT
When are chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) wipes used
To reduce the risl of HAIs
What type of pts are at a risk for HAIs
IMMUNOsupresent, post OPT, open WOUNDS, LINES or DRAINS
When should you give CHG baths for high risk pts
Daily for pts with LINES and BEFORE SURGERY
Do you clean the face with CHG wipes
NO
Can you use a CHG bath in place of a normal bath
Yes
Why is oral care important
Decreses the risk of INFECTION for pts in LTC (long term care)
What should you check for before starting oral care
ASPIRATION precautions, impaired SWALLOWING and decreased GAG reflex
What kinds of pts need help with oral care
KIDS, OLDER, HOSPICE, VENTED/SEDATED, QUADRPLEGICS
How can you check aspiration precautions
Give the pt some WATER to see if they COUGH
Should you carry dentures with a paper towel
NO
What should you do when doing oral care on an unconscious pt
Use SUCTION, turn their head to the SIDE
How often should you do oral care on unconscious pts
Twice a day
How often should you hydrate an unconscious pts mouth
Q2 hours
Which care is especially important for pts with diabetes
Foot and nail care
What do diabetic pts usally have with their feet
Peripheral neuropathy, they can’t FEEL anything
Why should you avoid mositurizing in between the toes
Can cause fungal infections
How should you care of diebetic pts feet
Inspect feet TWICE daily, LUKEWARM water, MOISTURE no toes, COTTON socks, FILE nails, COMFORTABLE shoes, no HEAT
What caring for hair important for pts
Their sense of well-being
How should you consider pts different cultural and personal preferences related to hair
Different shampoos, ASK
Your pt cannot stand in the shower how should you clean their hair
Shampoo caps
How often should you brush your pts hair
DAILY with a SOFT-bristled brush
Your pt needs a shave but is prone to bleeding and is on an anticoagulat which razor should you use
An electric razor
What is most important when shaving a pt
SAFTEY
What should you ask your pt when it comes to shaving
Their preferences
Should you massage reddened areas on skin
No
Which way do you go when washing female genitalia
Front to back, if NOT it could cause a UTI
What should you always have for pts in comatose
Suction
How often should you reposition your pts
Q2 hours
