HEENT Pt. 2 Flashcards
What is the pina
OUter ear
Know the ear attonomy
Yes
What are some questions we are going to ask relating to the ear
Hearing, changes, hearing aids, ringing, buzzing, cleaning
How can you tell if someone is HOH
leaning in, answering the wrong question, HUH
Should you remove hearing aids before the physical assessment
Yes
What is tinnitus
Ringing or bussing in the ears sometimes caused by meds, ANTIBIOTICS
Should you clean your ears with Qtips
NO, corner of a wet washcloth
What are the expected finding of the external ear
Alignment with eyes, color matches, no lesions, tenderness, or edema, no cerumen, good hearing
What is cerumen
Ear wax
What do you need to use when assess the external ear
Penlight
What does CN VIII
Hearing
What is different in the ear of children
Cancle is shorter and wider and horizontal
What does it imply that childrens ears are more horizontal
Can’t drain properly so it causes infections
What do pregnant women experence with their ears
Cotton ears, fullness since blood vessels are dialated
What are different about older peoples ears
Hearing LOSS, higher-frequencies can’t be heared, thicking of the tympanic membrane
Why is it hard for older people to hear women
Because they speek in a higher pitch
What is otitis extern
Swimmers ear, outer ear cancl irritation
What are the risk factors of otitis externa
Swimming, cleaning, occlusion, diabetes (poor blood flow)
What are the S+S of otitis externa
pinna traction, sticky yellow discharge, swelling
What is pinna traction
Pain when pulled on
What is otitis media
Inflammation in the outear ear
What are the risk factors of otitis media
PACIFIERS, daycare, tabacco smoke
What are the S+S of otitis media
Ear pulling in children, mastoid process pain
How does otits media get assessed
MD looks inside
What is the nursing interventions for otitis media
Pain management (FLACC scale), compress
What should you teach your pts
How to administer ear drops below and above 3 years old
What is cauliflower ear
Repeated episodes of minor blunt trauma
What is a hematoma caused by
Trauma espeacilly in sports
What do most people do when they get an ear hematoma
Pop it at home then get a bad infection
What is darwin tubercle
Smaller ears
What are some questions you should ask about the nose
Pain, stuffiness, fluid, apistaxis, change
What is epistaxis and what could it mean
Nosebleeds could mean issues in the brain
What are some questions to ask realted to the mouth
Denist, dentures, gums
What are some questions to ask related to the throat
Difficulty swallowing, hoarseness
What could a lot of coughing while eating mean
aspiration
What should the nose look light
Midline, symmetrical, color, both cairs are patent, no discharge
What does patent mean related to the nose
Open and unobstructed
How do you assess the patentance of the naris
close one and breathe in
What does outward nare flare mean
Resiratory distress
What does narrowed inward nares mean
obstructed airway
What are the expected finding of the mouth and throat
symmetrical, smooth, soft, no lesions, no bleeding gums, pink, moist, midline, moist, color
Where do we look for signs of cyanosis
mucous membranes
Do darker skined people have a blur undertone on their lips
Yes
What is the normal rating of the tonsils
1 on a 0-4 scale
What stage of the tonsils can lead to airway issues
3 and 4
What is special about a pregnant persons nmt
increased epistaxis, snoring, and immflamation of the gums
What us special about an older adults nmt
tinner lips, less senses, saliva, and they may lose their teeth
What is nsal polyps
Overgrowth of epithelial cells, hyperplasia
How big can nasal polyps become
pea
What do nasal polyps cause
obstructed air flow, and drainaing which can lead to infections
Is there a cycle with nasal polyps
Yes because if gets infected then inflammed which causes more infection
What else do nasal polyps cause
Snoring and sleep apnea
What is a deviated septum
Asymmetrical bone and carilage of the nose
What are deviated septums caused by
Birht or injury
What are the S+S of a deviated septum
nasal congestion, chronic sinusitis, noisy breathing, snoring
What is the treatment of a deviated septum
surgery
What are pale lips associated with
Anemia
What do cracked or dry lips mean
Dehydration or exposure to wind and cold
What can lesions, nodules, and ulcers on the lips be caused by
Herpes type 1
What can lips swelling mean
injury or allergic reaction
What does a beefy red tongue mean
iron or a vit B deficiency
What does a yellow tongue with black papillea mean
HAIRY tongue, fungal overgrowth
What is the treatment of hairy tongue
Antibiotic therapy
What is oral thrush look like
White cottage cheese like lesions that won’t rub off
What is oral thrush
Overgrowth of candida in the mouth
What can cause oral thrush
Smoking or chewing tobacco
What is strep throat
Infection by streptococcus
How is strep thrpat spread
Direct contact
What are the S+S of strep throat
Fecver, pain with swallowing, red and swollen tonsils, white patches, red spots of roof of mouth, NO cough or runny nose
What could it mean if a child has a stomach ache with N+V
Strep
How do you test for strep
swab
What is the treatment of strep
Stay home until they don’t have a fever and have taken antibiotic for 12-24 hours
