Assessment of Skin, Hair, and Nails Flashcards
What is the integumentary system comprised of
SKIN, NAILS, HAIR, SWEAT and SEBACEOUS (OIL) glands
What is the skin layers
epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
What should you know about the epidermis
OUTERMOST, THINNEST, AVASCULAR
What does the dermis contain
CONNECTIVE tissue, ELASTIN, COLLAGEN
What layer of the skin is responsible for the skin’s characteristic elasticity
Dermis
What layer plays a role in body temp and BP regulation
Dermis
What else does the dermis contain
Lots of blood VESSELS, sensory NERVE fibers, OIL, SWETA glands, HAIR, NAIL, LYMPHATICS
What type of tissue is in the subcutaneous fat
adipose/ fat tissue
What are the roles of the subcutaneous fat
CONNECTS, DELIVERS, INCULATION, CUSHIONS, ENERGY
Where is hair formed
From epidermal cells in the dermis
What are papilla
The capillary loop at the base of the follicle that provides NOURISHMENT
What are melanocytes
They provide color
What factors into hair differation
Age, gender ,race, and hereditary
What are nails made of
keratin
What shape should nails be
smooth and round
Is the tissue under the nail plate highly vascular
Yes
What do sebaceous glands produce
sebum that LUBRICATES the skin and hair, lots on the FACE and SCALP
What are the two types of sweat glands
Eccrin and apocrine
Where are eccrine glands found
Everywhere ESPEICALY palms, soles, and forehead
What type of gland is important for temp regulation
eccrine
What do apocrine glands do
Secrete into HAIR follicle, starts at PUBERTY
What gland is responsible for body odor
apocrine
What are the functions of the skin
PROTECTION, barrier to HAZARDS, SELF-PERCEPTION, SENSATION, TEMP regulation, WOUND repair, FLUID and ELECTROLYTE regulation, ABSORBPTIO and waste EXRECTION, VIT D
What can steroids do to skin
Thin and weaken it
What are some questions to ask when essesing the skin
BRUISE, CHANGES, BIRTHMARKS, ULCER, WOUNDS, DRYNESS, ITCHINESS, HAIR LOSS, MEDS, EXPOSURE
What are you looking at for skin assessment
Color, appropriate, wounds/lesions, clean, dry
What should the skin feel like
Smooth, warm, firm, and turgor of bilateral hands is <2 seconds
What acronim can you use to describe lesions
ABCDE
What does ABCDE stand for when assessing lesions
Apperance
boarders
color
diameter
elevetion/exudate/evolution
What do you check for hair
color, texture, distribution, quantity, lesions, parasites
To check for clubing would they have a diamond or no
No
What can tell you dehydration
skin turgor
What is pitting edema
It leaves an indentation
What are the types of skin lesions
Generalized, zosteriform (nerve), grouped
What is the deadliest form of skin cancer
melanoma
What are the characteristics of melanoma
Irregular boarders, recent change, color variation, itchy, bleeds easily
What can medical devices cause
pressure injuries
What does the barden scale check
Sensory, moisture, activity, mobiliy, nutrition, friction/sheer
What is the risk for a barden scale number of 15-18
At risk
What is the risk for a barden scale number of 13-14
moderate risk
What is the risk for a barden scale number of 10-12
High risk
What is the risk for a barden scale number of less than or equal to 9
very high risk
What is pediculosis
lice
What is alopecia
chronic inflammatory disease of hair follicles
What is hirsutism
Increased growth if facial hair in women
What is paronychia
Inflammation of the cuticle
What is koilonychia
spoon shaped nails (anemia)
What is onychomycosis
Fungal infection of the nail plate
What is clubbing associated with
chronic respiratory disease
What are mongolian spots
dark, irregularly shaped areas over butt
What is a stork bite
birthmark common on the neck or head
What is seborrheic dermatitis
cradle cap, scaly crust on scalp
What is irritant contact dermatitis
diaper rash
What is milia
baby acne
What is normally the cause for rashes in children
hand, foot, mouth disease
What is impetigo
virus infection
What is melasma
freckles darken in prenacy
What is linea nigra
line of pregnancy down the belly
What are striae
stretch marks
Do pregnate people usally get caricose veins
yes
What can you teach about for skin self-examination
ABCDE, good lighting, see everything
Are tanning beds in the highest cancer-risk category
yes
Can 1-2 blisterin sunburns double the risk of melanoma
YES