Assessment of Skin, Hair, and Nails Flashcards

1
Q

What is the integumentary system comprised of

A

SKIN, NAILS, HAIR, SWEAT and SEBACEOUS (OIL) glands

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2
Q

What is the skin layers

A

epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

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3
Q

What should you know about the epidermis

A

OUTERMOST, THINNEST, AVASCULAR

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4
Q

What does the dermis contain

A

CONNECTIVE tissue, ELASTIN, COLLAGEN

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5
Q

What layer of the skin is responsible for the skin’s characteristic elasticity

A

Dermis

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6
Q

What layer plays a role in body temp and BP regulation

A

Dermis

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7
Q

What else does the dermis contain

A

Lots of blood VESSELS, sensory NERVE fibers, OIL, SWETA glands, HAIR, NAIL, LYMPHATICS

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8
Q

What type of tissue is in the subcutaneous fat

A

adipose/ fat tissue

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9
Q

What are the roles of the subcutaneous fat

A

CONNECTS, DELIVERS, INCULATION, CUSHIONS, ENERGY

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10
Q

Where is hair formed

A

From epidermal cells in the dermis

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11
Q

What are papilla

A

The capillary loop at the base of the follicle that provides NOURISHMENT

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12
Q

What are melanocytes

A

They provide color

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13
Q

What factors into hair differation

A

Age, gender ,race, and hereditary

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14
Q

What are nails made of

A

keratin

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15
Q

What shape should nails be

A

smooth and round

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16
Q

Is the tissue under the nail plate highly vascular

A

Yes

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17
Q

What do sebaceous glands produce

A

sebum that LUBRICATES the skin and hair, lots on the FACE and SCALP

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18
Q

What are the two types of sweat glands

A

Eccrin and apocrine

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19
Q

Where are eccrine glands found

A

Everywhere ESPEICALY palms, soles, and forehead

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20
Q

What type of gland is important for temp regulation

A

eccrine

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21
Q

What do apocrine glands do

A

Secrete into HAIR follicle, starts at PUBERTY

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22
Q

What gland is responsible for body odor

A

apocrine

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23
Q

What are the functions of the skin

A

PROTECTION, barrier to HAZARDS, SELF-PERCEPTION, SENSATION, TEMP regulation, WOUND repair, FLUID and ELECTROLYTE regulation, ABSORBPTIO and waste EXRECTION, VIT D

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24
Q

What can steroids do to skin

A

Thin and weaken it

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25
What are some questions to ask when essesing the skin
BRUISE, CHANGES, BIRTHMARKS, ULCER, WOUNDS, DRYNESS, ITCHINESS, HAIR LOSS, MEDS, EXPOSURE
26
What are you looking at for skin assessment
Color, appropriate, wounds/lesions, clean, dry
27
What should the skin feel like
Smooth, warm, firm, and turgor of bilateral hands is <2 seconds
28
What acronim can you use to describe lesions
ABCDE
29
What does ABCDE stand for when assessing lesions
Apperance boarders color diameter elevetion/exudate/evolution
30
What do you check for hair
color, texture, distribution, quantity, lesions, parasites
31
To check for clubing would they have a diamond or no
No
32
What can tell you dehydration
skin turgor
33
What is pitting edema
It leaves an indentation
34
What are the types of skin lesions
Generalized, zosteriform (nerve), grouped
35
What is the deadliest form of skin cancer
melanoma
36
What are the characteristics of melanoma
Irregular boarders, recent change, color variation, itchy, bleeds easily
37
What can medical devices cause
pressure injuries
38
What does the barden scale check
Sensory, moisture, activity, mobiliy, nutrition, friction/sheer
39
What is the risk for a barden scale number of 15-18
At risk
40
What is the risk for a barden scale number of 13-14
moderate risk
41
What is the risk for a barden scale number of 10-12
High risk
42
What is the risk for a barden scale number of less than or equal to 9
very high risk
43
What is pediculosis
lice
44
What is alopecia
chronic inflammatory disease of hair follicles
45
What is hirsutism
Increased growth if facial hair in women
46
What is paronychia
Inflammation of the cuticle
47
What is koilonychia
spoon shaped nails (anemia)
48
What is onychomycosis
Fungal infection of the nail plate
49
What is clubbing associated with
chronic respiratory disease
50
What are mongolian spots
dark, irregularly shaped areas over butt
51
What is a stork bite
birthmark common on the neck or head
52
What is seborrheic dermatitis
cradle cap, scaly crust on scalp
53
What is irritant contact dermatitis
diaper rash
54
What is milia
baby acne
55
What is normally the cause for rashes in children
hand, foot, mouth disease
56
What is impetigo
virus infection
57
What is melasma
freckles darken in prenacy
58
What is linea nigra
line of pregnancy down the belly
59
What are striae
stretch marks
60
Do pregnate people usally get caricose veins
yes
61
What can you teach about for skin self-examination
ABCDE, good lighting, see everything
62
Are tanning beds in the highest cancer-risk category
yes
63
Can 1-2 blisterin sunburns double the risk of melanoma
YES