Neuro Assessment Flashcards
What is the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and what does it do
Circulating fluid that acts as a CUSHION, PRESSURE control, NUTRITION, and gets rid of WASTE
What is the cerebral ventricular system
Four chambers that PRODUCE and circulate CSF
What is the brain supplied blood by
Carotid arteries
What is the cerebrum
the brain
What is the diencephalon
Thalamuses
What does the dasal gnaglia do
smooth coluntary mobement
What does the brain stem constit of
Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongota, 12 cranila nerves
What does the berebellum do
Movement, balance
How many spinal nerves are there
31
What are dermatomes
Sensory nerves of the skin
What is the memory word for remebering the CN names
On Old Olympus Towering Top A Finn And German Viewed Some Hops
What is the memory word for remembering the CN type
Some Say Marry Money But My Brother Says Bad Business (to) Marry Money
How do single show up
Follow a single dermatome
What is T1
Axilla
Where is T4
Nipples
Where is T10
Umbilicus
Where is L1
Groin
Where is L4
Knee
What does the ANS do
Regluation of the body with hormones, SNS and PNS
When is the SNS used
Stress
When is the PNS used
Rest
What are some question to ask in a health history for a neuro assessment
Injury, history, ADLs, alcohol
What is your focused assessment for neuroloic assessment
Headache, seizures, movement, sensation, swallowing, or communication changes
How can you learn more about something during the focused assessment
OPQRSTU
What are you assessing in the physcial examination
Mental status, speech, CN function, gait, muscle strength
What are you assessing for mental status
Answers, responds appropriately, A+O 4X
What is the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Assessing LOC for trauma pts 3-15
What is the Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE)
Test for cognitive impairment, 3 words
What are you assessing about speech
Coherent, volume, understanding
What are you assessing for in a pts gait
Symmetrical, upright, devices, balance, arm swing
What are some abnormal gaits
Shuffling, foot stomp, hunched over
What are you assessing for in muscle strenth
Paralysis, spasticity, flaccidity, posture
What are most of infants movements
Reflexes
What is the babinski reflex
Foot curling, Negative= normal
How do you test an older persons gait and balance
Romberg, feet together eyes closed, negative= normal
Why is gait and balance important
Risk of falls
What are some considerations of neuro assessment for older adults
Gait, ADLs, response time, tremors, dizzy, cognitive impairment
Is cognitive impairment a normal part of again
No, early detection is best
What is decorticate rigidity
Cerevral cortex issues, to the core
What is decerebrate
Brainstem issues, more BAD, extended
What is a GCS rating for a coma
7 or below
If you are unsure how should you grade
On the side of worse
How should you check for response to pain
Fingernail pressure
What is hemiplegia
Paralysis on one side, CVA
What is hemiparesis
Weakness on one side of the body
What is paraplegia
Lower body parlysis
What is quadriplegia
Can’t move any extremity
What are some issues related to quadriplegia
Breathing
Want is the care you should provide of people with spinal cord injuries
Skin, bowel movements, nutrition, effects of immobility
What is meltiple sclerosis (MS)
Progressive demyelination of nerve fibers, fatigue, weakness, gait, tremors
What is meningitis
Inflammtion of the meninges, severe headache, fever, STIFF NECK
What is encephalitis
Umbrella term for acute inflammation of the brain with nonspecific symptoms
What drugs do you use for encephalitis
Steroids
What is parkinson’s disease
Chronic, progressive movement disorder related to DOPAMINE, tremors (pill rolling)
What CVA
Stroke, death of brain celss, impaiment of everything, FAST
What does FACE stand for
Face drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty, time to call 911
Myasthenia Gravis
Chronic, autoimmune disease with muscl weakness that improves with REST, types
What are the three types of myastenia gravis
ocular- eyes
bulbar- swallowing
generalized- muscles
What is ptosis
Drupy eyes
What is diplopia
Double vision
What is Guillin-Barre Syndrome
Acute, widespread demyelinization of motor nerves of the PNS, illness onset, with ASCENDNIG paralysis