S1 - Model of Matter (complete) Flashcards
Matter
Stuff everything is made of.
Particle
A very small piece of matter.
Solid
A state of matter with tightly packed particles.
Liquid
A state of matter with particles that can slide over each other.
Gas
A state of matter with widely spaced, fast moving particles.
Solid, liquid or gas?
Liquid
Solid, liquid or gas?
Gas
Solid, liquid or gas?
Solid
Which will take the shape of the container they are in:
solid, liquid, gas?
Liquid and gas
Which can be compressed:
solid, liquid, gas?
Gas
Are particles in solids completely still?
No, they vibrate.
How can we show these particles are vibrating?
Add curved lines
Why are gases easy to compress?
Large spaces between particles (so we can push them closer).
What happens to solids when you heat them?
They expand (get bigger).
A metal bar gets longer after heating. Why?
Particles vibrate more, so spaces between particles get bigger.
Fill in the blank in the diagram
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Melting
Solid turning into a liquid.
Boiling
Liquid turning into a gas.
Freezing
Liquid turning into a solid.
Condensing
Gas turning into a liquid.
Melting point
Temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid.
(0 ºC for water.)
Boiling point
Temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas.
(100 ºC for water.)
Density
This describes how tightly particles are packed.
The formula to calculate density is …
Density = Mass ÷ Volume
Units for density
g/cm3
(grams per cubic centimetre)
How can you tell if something will float in a liquid?
If density is lower than the liquid, it will float.
What is this process called?
Diffusion
Diffusion
Particles spreading out to mix with air or water.
Concentration
This describes how many particles are dissolved in a liquid.
Soluble
Something that dissolves.
(E.g. sugar is soluble in water.)
Insoluble
Something that does not dissolve.
(E.g. oil is insoluble in water.)
Solvent
A liquid that something can be dissolved in.
(Like water.)
Solute
The substance that is dissolved in a solvent.
(Sounds similar to ‘solid’.)
Solution
A solute dissolved in a solvent.
Saturated
A solution in which no more substance can be dissolved.
