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Drummond BGE Science > S1 - Elements and Chemical Reactions (complete) > Flashcards

S1 - Elements and Chemical Reactions (complete) Flashcards

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1
Q

Property

A

Describes what a substance looks like and what it can do.

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2
Q

Malleable

A

Can be hammered into a thin sheet without breaking (like a metal).

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3
Q

Ductile

A

Can be stretched into a thin wire and stay strong (like a metal).

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4
Q

Brittle

A

Breaks when hit or stretched; not malleable or ductile.

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5
Q

Element

A

A substance made up of only one type of atom.

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6
Q

Atom

A

A very small particle. Lots of these make up a substance.

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7
Q

Periodic table

A

A table containing all the known elements.

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8
Q

Group

A

A column in the periodic table. Elements in the same group have similar properties.

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9
Q

Period

A

A row in the periodic table.

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10
Q

Name two properties of metals.

A

Any two of:

shiny

solid (except mercury)

good conductors of heat/electricity

magnetic (some)

malleable

ductile

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11
Q

Name two properties of non-metals.

A

Any two of:

dull

poor conductors of heat

poor conductors of electricity (except graphite)

not magnetic

brittle

can be solid, liquid or gas

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12
Q

A column in the periodic table.

A

Group

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13
Q

A row in the periodic table.

A

Period

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14
Q

Which two elements are liquids at room temperature?

A

Bromine and mercury

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15
Q

Name group 1 in the periodic table.

A

Alkali metals

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16
Q

Name group 7 in the periodic table.

A

Halogens

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17
Q

Name group 8 in the periodic table.

A

Noble gases

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18
Q

Which side of the periodic table can metals be found on?

A

Left

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19
Q

__________ are very reactive. They react very easily with oxygen in the air. They react explosively with water.

A

Alkali metals are very reactive. They react very easily with oxygen in the air. They react explosively with water.

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20
Q

Alkali metals are very ______. They react very easily with oxygen in the air. They react explosively with water.

A

Alkali metals are very reactive. They react very easily with oxygen in the air. They react explosively with water.

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21
Q

Alkali metals are very reactive. They react very easily with oxygen in the air. They react explosively with ________.

A

Alkali metals are very reactive. They react very easily with oxygen in the air. They react explosively with water.

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22
Q

_______ are all non-metals. They are very reactive. They are toxic.

A

Halogens are all non-metals. They are very reactive. They are toxic.

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23
Q

Halogens are all non-metals. They are very _______. Halogens are toxic.

A

Halogens are all non-metals. They are very reactive. Halogens are toxic.

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24
Q

The ________ are extremely unreactive (inert). However, they fluoresce (light up) when electricity is passed through them.

A

The noble gases are extremely unreactive (inert). However, they fluoresce (light up) when electricity is passed through them.

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25
Q

The noble gases are extremely ________ (inert). However, they fluoresce (light up) when electricity is passed through them.

A

The noble gases are extremely unreactive (inert). However, they fluoresce (light up) when electricity is passed through them.

26
Q

The noble gases are extremely unreactive (inert). However, they ________ when electricity is passed through them.

A

The noble gases are extremely unreactive (inert). However, they fluoresce (light up) when electricity is passed through them.

27
Q

Element, mixture or compound?

A

Mixture (of elements)

28
Q

Element, mixture or compound?

A

Compound

29
Q

Mixture

A

Two or more types of substances (atoms or compounds) that are not joined together.

30
Q

Compound

A

Two or more types of atoms that are joined together.

31
Q

Molecule

A

A group of atoms joined together.

32
Q

Shows how many of each type of atom there are in a molecule.

A

Formula

33
Q

To name a compound made of two elements:

  1. Write the name of the first element ____________.
  2. Change the ending of the second element name to -ide.
A

To name a compound made of two elements (e.g. iron and oxygen):

  1. Write the name of the first element unchanged.
  2. Change the ending of the second element name to -ide.
    (e. g. iron oxide)
34
Q

To name a compound made of two elements:

  1. Write the name of the first element unchanged.
  2. Change the ________ of the second element name to ______.
A

To name a compound made of two elements (e.g. iron and oxygen):

  1. Write the name of the first element unchanged.
  2. Change the ending of the second element name to -ide.
    (e. g. iron oxide)
35
Q

Shows what substances react together and what products are made.

A

Word equation

(or chemical equation)

36
Q

What is wrong with this word equation?

Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid = Hydrogen + Magnesium chloride

A

Cannot use equal sign! Must use arrow:

Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid → Hydrogen + Magnesium chloride

37
Q

Which side shows the reactants?

Sodium + Oxygen → Sodium oxide

A

Left (sodium + oxygen)

38
Q

A way to separate a solid from a liquid.

(e.g. get sand out of sandy water)

A

Filtration

39
Q

A way to separate a dissolved solid from a liquid.

(e.g. get salt out of salty water)

A

Evaporation

40
Q

A way to separate a mixture of two liquids.

A

Distillation

41
Q

Evaporation

A

A way to separate a dissolved solid from a liquid.

(e.g. get salt out of salty water)

42
Q

Filtration

A

A way to separate a solid from a liquid.

(e.g. get sand out of sandy water)

43
Q

Name this technique

A

Evaporation

44
Q

Name this technique

A

Filtration

45
Q

Distillation

A

A way to separate a mixture of two liquids.

46
Q

A way to split a compound into elements using electricity.

A

Electrolysis

47
Q

Electrolysis

A

A way to split a compound into elements using electricity.

48
Q

A change where no new substance is made, e.g. melting or dissolving.

A

Physical change

49
Q

A change where a new substance is made, e.g. frying an egg. It is difficult to reverse.

A

Chemical change

50
Q

Chemical change

A

A change where a new substance is made, e.g. frying an egg. It is difficult to reverse.

51
Q

Physical change

A

A change where no new substance is made, e.g. melting or dissolving.

52
Q

How can we tell that a new substance has been formed? Name one sign.

A

Any of:

Effervescence (fizzing)

Precipitation (solid forming)

Colour change

Energy/temperature change (e.g. test tube gets hotter)

53
Q

Solid forming when two liquids are mixed.

A

Precipitation

54
Q

Gas (bubbles) forming in a chemical reaction. Fizzing.

A

Effervescence

55
Q

Precipitation

A

Solid forming when two liquids are mixed.

56
Q

Effervescence

A

Gas (bubbles) forming in a chemical reaction. Fizzing.

57
Q

How much substance is dissolved in a liquid.

A

Concentration

58
Q

Reaction rate

A

How fast a chemical reaction happens.

59
Q

Concentration

A

How much substance is dissolved in a liquid.

60
Q

How fast a chemical reaction happens.

A

Reaction rate

61
Q

Suggest a way to make a reaction happer faster.

A

Any of:

increase concentration

increase temperature

decrease particle size

Drummond BGE Science (12 decks)

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