S1 [LEC]: Microscopic exam of the Urine Flashcards

1
Q

Centrifugation conditions for microscopic analysis of urine

A

400 RCF for 5 mins

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2
Q

Volume of urine after decantation

A

0.5 - 1.0 mL

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3
Q

Casts are first examined under what objective?

A

Low power

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4
Q

Point of reference of microscopic analysis

A

Epithelial cell

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5
Q

RBCs and WBCs are first examined under what objective?

A

High power

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6
Q

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

RBC

A

Purple

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7
Q

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

WBC

A

Purple

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8
Q

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

Glitter cells

A

Light (pale) blue

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9
Q

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

Motile bacteria

A

Unstained

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10
Q

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

Non-motile bacteria

A

Purple

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11
Q

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Light blue green

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12
Q

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

Fat inclusion cast

A

Fat globules in a pink matrix

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13
Q

This stain identifies WBCs, epithelial cells, and casts

A

Sternheimer-Malbin Stain (Crystal violet + Safranin O)

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14
Q

This stain differentiates WBC and renal tubular epithelial cells

A

0.5% Toluidine blue

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15
Q

This stain distinguishes RBCs from WBCs, yeast, oil droplets, and crystals

A

2% acetic acid

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16
Q

T/F: 2% acetic acid cannot be used for initial sediment analysis because RBCs are lysed by acetic acid

17
Q

This stain identify free fat droplets and lipid-containing cells and casts

A

Lipid stain

18
Q

Triglycerides and neutral fats will stain ___, while cholesterol will stain ___

A

Orange-red
Unstained

19
Q

This stain identifies bacterial casts

A

Gram stain

20
Q

This stain identifies urinary eosinophils

A

Hansel stain

21
Q

Finding of more than __ eosinophils is considered significant

22
Q

This stain identifies yellow-brown granules of hemosiderin in cells and casts

A

Prussian blue stain

23
Q

Identify the microscope used:

For routine urinalysis

A

Bright-field

24
Q

Identify the microscope used:

Enhances visualization of elements with low refractive indices, such as hyaline casts, mixed cellular casts, mucous threads, and Trichomonas

A

Phase-contrast

25
Q

Identify the microscope used:

Aids in identification of cholesterol in oval fat bodies, fatty casts, and crystals

A

Polarizing

26
Q

Identify the microscope used:

Aid in identification of Treponema pallidum

A

Dark-field

27
Q

Identify the microscope used:

Allows visualization of naturally fluorescent microorganisms or those stained by a fluorescent dye including labeled antigens and antibodies

A

Fluorescence

28
Q

Identify the microscope used:

Produces a three-dimensional microscopy image and layer-by-layer imaging of a speciment

A

Interference-contrast

29
Q

Volume of urine centrifuged divided by the sediment volume equals the concentration factor

A

Sedimentation concentration factor

30
Q

Probability of detecting elements present in low quantities

A

Sedimentation concentration factor

31
Q

Used when quantitating the number of elements present per milliliter

A

Sedimentation concentration factor

32
Q

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

Hyaline cast

A

Pale pink (purple)

33
Q

This stain identifies bacterial casts confused as granular cast

A

Gram stain

34
Q

Components of Hansel stain

A

Methylene blue and eosin Y

35
Q

This stains structures containing iron

A

Prussian blue