S1 [LAB]: CHEMICAL EXAM OF URINE

Question 1

Testing using reagent strip is performed within ___ after collection

Answer 1

1 hour

Question 2

Normal pH level of urine

Answer 2

4.5

Question 3

Optimal temperature for reagent strip storage

Answer 3

below 30C

Question 4

T/F: Distilled water is used as a negative control in reagent strip

Answer 4

F

Question 5

pH level of first morning urine

Answer 5

slightly acidic (5-6)

Question 6

pH level of urine following a meal

Answer 6

alkaline

Question 7

T/F: An unpreserved urine specimen does not reach pH 9

Answer 7

T

Question 8

Indicator of pH in a reagent strip

Answer 8

methyl red & bromthymol blue

Question 9

Reflects the kidneys’ role of compensating against acidosis

Answer 9

Urine pH

Question 10

Range detected by the pH indicator in the reagent strip

Answer 10

5-9

Question 11

Samples left standing can have falsely ___ pH as CO2 is lost and bacterial growth produces ammonia from urea

Answer 11

elevated

Question 12

Reagent strips are only sensitive to this specific protein

Answer 12

Albumin

Question 13

In respiratory and metabolic acidosis, the urine is expected to be ___

Answer 13

Alkaline

Question 14

pH level associated with unpreserved specimen

Answer 14

9

Question 15

The most indicative of renal disease

Answer 15

Protein

Question 16

Often associated with early renal disease

Answer 16

Protein

Question 17

The most frequent chemical analysis on urine

Answer 17

Glucose

Question 18

For the detection & diabetes mellitus monitoring

Answer 18

Glucose

Question 19

Most valuable in management & monitoring of type-1 DM

Answer 19

Ketones

Question 20

A deficiency in insulin, indicating the need to regulate dosage (insufficient insulin dosage)

Answer 20

Ketonuria

Question 21

___ RBCs per microliter of urine is considered clinically significant

Answer 21

> 5

Question 22

___ provide the most accurate means for determining presence of blood

Answer 22

Hemoglobin testing

Question 23

Heme-containing protein found in muscle tissue

Answer 23

Myoglobin

Question 24

Myoglobin produces a clear ___ urine

Answer 24

red-brown

Question 25

The ____ portion of myoglobin is toxic to the renal tubules; high concentrations can cause acute renal failure.

Answer 25

heme

Question 26

Primary test for dx, monitoring bacterial infection & evaluate the success of antibiotic

Answer 26

Nitrite

Question 27

Provides a rapid screening test for the presence of UTI; to detect cases in which urine CS may not be apparent

Answer 27

Nitrite

Question 28

Requires the longest time of all the reagent strip reaction (2 minutes)

Answer 28

Leukocyte

Question 29

11th parameter in chemical exam of urine

Answer 29

Ascorbic acid

Question 30

Principle of ascorbic acid measurement

Answer 30

Tillman's reaction

Question 31

Color change in Tillman's reaction

Answer 31

Blue to green

Question 32

Component of the Tillman's reagent

Answer 32

2,6-dichloroindophenol sodium

Question 33

Components of glucose in reagent strip

Answer 33

Glucose oxidase Peroxidase Potassium Iodide

Question 34

Principle of glucose in reagent strip

Answer 34

Double sequential enzyme reaction

Question 35

In glucose, the catalyst in the reagent strip is the ___

Answer 35

Glucose oxidase

Question 36

How many seconds for glucose?

Answer 36

30

Question 37

T/F: Glucose crosses the placenta, whereas insulin does not.

Answer 37

T

Question 38

How many seconds for bilirubin?

Answer 38

30

Question 39

Bilirubin in the reagent strip is based on the Coupling of Bilirubin with diazotized dicloroaniline in a ___ medium

Answer 39

strongly acidic

Question 40

Component of bilirubin in reagent strip

Answer 40

Dichloroaniline diazonium salt

Question 41

Color result of bilirubin in reagent strip

Answer 41

Tan >> Shade

Question 42

How many seconds in ketone?

Answer 42

40

Question 43

Component of ketone in reagent strip

Answer 43

Sodium nitroprusside

Question 44

Ketone measurement is based on the ___ developed with acetoacetic acid or acetone and nitroprusside

Answer 44

purple color

Question 45

How many seconds for specific gravity?

Answer 45

45

Question 46

Component of specific gravity in reagent strip

Answer 46

BTB / polymethylvinyl ether

Question 47

In specific gravity, BTB produces a ___ color in urine of low ionic concentration

Answer 47

deep blue-green

Question 48

How many seconds for blood?

Answer 48

60

Question 49

Component of blood in reagent strip

Answer 49

Tetramethylbenzidine/ Dihydroperoxide

Question 50

The detection of occult blood is based on the ___-like activity of hemoglobin which catalyze the reaction of peroxide and the tetramethylbenzidine

Answer 50

peroxidase

Question 51

How many seconds for pH?

Answer 51

60

Question 52

Color of pH 5.0 in reagent strip

Answer 52

Orange

Question 53

Color of pH 8.5 in reagent strip

Answer 53

Blue-green

Question 54

Component of protein in reagent strip

Answer 54

Tetrabromphenol Blue

Question 55

Negative reaction for protein in reagent strip

Answer 55

Yellow

Question 56

Positive result of protein in reagent strip

Answer 56

Green >> Green

Question 57

The pigment responsible for the characteristic brown color of feces

Answer 57

Urobilin

Question 58

How many seconds for urobilinogen?

Answer 58

60

Question 59

Color of increased urobilinogen level in reagent strip

Answer 59

Red

Question 60

Component of urobilinogen in reagent strip

Answer 60

p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde

Question 61

Urobilinogen measurment through the reagent strip is based on ___

Answer 61

Ehrlich reaction

Question 62

How many seconds for nitrite?

Answer 62

60

Question 63

Component of nitrite in reagent strip

Answer 63

Tetrahydrobenzoquinolone

Question 64

Nitrite test using reagent strip is based on ___

Answer 64

Griess reaction

Question 65

How many seconds for leukocyte?

Answer 65

120

Question 66

Component of leukocyte in reagent strip

Answer 66

Pyrrole amino acid ester diazonium salt

Question 67

pH level associated with unpreserved urine

Answer 67

9

Question 68

Bence jones protein is turbid and clear at what temperatures?

Answer 68

Turbid: 40-60C Clear: 100C

Question 69

Amount of RBCs considered clinically significant

Answer 69

>5 RBCs/ microliter

Question 70

T/F: If myoglobin is found in the urine, it produces a turbid red-brown color

Answer 70

False: clear red-brown color

Question 71

Strong positive reaction of bilirubin in reagent strip

Answer 71

Tan

Question 72

In the Watson- Schwartz test, the chloroform tube and butanol tube will have what respective results in urobilinogen?

Answer 72

Both are miscible

Question 73

In the Watson- Schwartz test, the chloroform tube and butanol tube will have what respective results in porphobilinogen?

Answer 73

Both are immiscible

Question 74

Normal value for urobilinogen in the urine

Answer 74

0.2-1.0 Ehrlich units

Question 75

Normal pH of the urine

Answer 75

5.5-8.0