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MT6328 > S1 [LAB]: CHEMICAL EXAM OF URINE > Flashcards

S1 [LAB]: CHEMICAL EXAM OF URINE Flashcards

1
Q

Testing using reagent strip is performed within ___ after collection

A

1 hour

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2
Q

Normal pH level of urine

A

4.5

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3
Q

Optimal temperature for reagent strip storage

A

below 30C

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4
Q

T/F: Distilled water is used as a negative control in reagent strip

A

F

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5
Q

pH level of first morning urine

A

slightly acidic (5-6)

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6
Q

pH level of urine following a meal

A

alkaline

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7
Q

T/F: An unpreserved urine specimen does not reach pH 9

A

T

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8
Q

Indicator of pH in a reagent strip

A

methyl red & bromthymol blue

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9
Q

Reflects the kidneys’ role of compensating against acidosis

A

Urine pH

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10
Q

Range detected by the pH indicator in the reagent strip

A

5-9

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11
Q

Samples left standing can have falsely ___ pH as CO2 is lost and bacterial growth produces ammonia from urea

A

elevated

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12
Q

Reagent strips are only sensitive to this specific protein

A

Albumin

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13
Q

In respiratory and metabolic acidosis, the urine is expected to be ___

A

Alkaline

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14
Q

pH level associated with unpreserved specimen

A

9

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15
Q

The most indicative of renal disease

A

Protein

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16
Q

Often associated with early renal disease

A

Protein

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17
Q

The most frequent chemical analysis on urine

A

Glucose

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18
Q

For the detection & diabetes mellitus monitoring

A

Glucose

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19
Q

Most valuable in management & monitoring of type-1 DM

A

Ketones

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20
Q

A deficiency in insulin, indicating the need to regulate dosage (insufficient insulin dosage)

A

Ketonuria

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21
Q

___ RBCs per microliter of urine is considered clinically significant

A

> 5

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22
Q

___ provide the most accurate means for determining presence of blood

A

Hemoglobin testing

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23
Q

Heme-containing protein found in muscle tissue

A

Myoglobin

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24
Q

Myoglobin produces a clear ___ urine

A

red-brown

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25
Q

The ____ portion of myoglobin is toxic to the renal tubules; high concentrations can cause acute renal failure.

A

heme

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26
Q

Primary test for dx, monitoring bacterial infection & evaluate the success of antibiotic

A

Nitrite

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27
Q

Provides a rapid screening test for the presence of UTI; to detect cases in which urine CS may not be apparent

A

Nitrite

28
Q

Requires the longest time of all the reagent strip reaction (2 minutes)

A

Leukocyte

29
Q

11th parameter in chemical exam of urine

A

Ascorbic acid

30
Q

Principle of ascorbic acid measurement

A

Tillman’s reaction

31
Q

Color change in Tillman’s reaction

A

Blue to green

32
Q

Component of the Tillman’s reagent

A

2,6-dichloroindophenol sodium

33
Q

Components of glucose in reagent strip

A

Glucose oxidase
Peroxidase
Potassium Iodide

34
Q

Principle of glucose in reagent strip

A

Double sequential enzyme reaction

35
Q

In glucose, the catalyst in the reagent strip is the ___

A

Glucose oxidase

36
Q

How many seconds for glucose?

A

30

37
Q

T/F: Glucose crosses the placenta, whereas insulin does not.

A

T

38
Q

How many seconds for bilirubin?

A

30

39
Q

Bilirubin in the reagent strip is based on the Coupling of Bilirubin with diazotized dicloroaniline in a ___ medium

A

strongly acidic

40
Q

Component of bilirubin in reagent strip

A

Dichloroaniline diazonium salt

41
Q

Color result of bilirubin in reagent strip

A

Tan&raquo_space; Shade

42
Q

How many seconds in ketone?

A

40

43
Q

Component of ketone in reagent strip

A

Sodium nitroprusside

44
Q

Ketone measurement is based on the ___ developed with acetoacetic acid or acetone and nitroprusside

A

purple color

45
Q

How many seconds for specific gravity?

A

45

46
Q

Component of specific gravity in reagent strip

A

BTB / polymethylvinyl ether

47
Q

In specific gravity, BTB produces a ___ color in urine of low ionic concentration

A

deep blue-green

48
Q

How many seconds for blood?

A

60

49
Q

Component of blood in reagent strip

A

Tetramethylbenzidine/ Dihydroperoxide

50
Q

The detection of occult blood is based on the ___-like activity of hemoglobin which catalyze the reaction of peroxide and the tetramethylbenzidine

A

peroxidase

51
Q

How many seconds for pH?

A

60

52
Q

Color of pH 5.0 in reagent strip

A

Orange

53
Q

Color of pH 8.5 in reagent strip

A

Blue-green

54
Q

Component of protein in reagent strip

A

Tetrabromphenol Blue

55
Q

Negative reaction for protein in reagent strip

A

Green&raquo_space; Yellow

56
Q

Positive result of protein in reagent strip

A

Green&raquo_space; Green

57
Q

The pigment responsible for the characteristic brown color of feces

A

Urobilin

58
Q

How many seconds for urobilinogen?

A

60

59
Q

Color of increased urobilinogen level in reagent strip

A

Red

60
Q

Component of urobilinogen in reagent strip

A

p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde

61
Q

Urobilinogen measurment through the reagent strip is based on ___

A

Ehrlich reaction

62
Q

How many seconds for nitrite?

A

60

63
Q

Component of nitrite in reagent strip

A

Tetrahydrobenzoquinolone

64
Q

Nitrite test using reagent strip is based on ___

A

Griess reaction

65
Q

How many seconds for leukocyte?

A

120

66
Q

Component of leukocyte in reagent strip

A

Pyrrole amino acid ester diazonium salt

MT6328 (6 decks)

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