Rules | Duff Chapter 20 Flashcards

1
Q

conditional sentences

parts of conditional sentences

A
  • protasis -> ‘if’-clause
  • adoposis -> ‘then’-clause
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2
Q

conditional sentences

construction rules for first class conditions

A

assumption of truth for the sake of argument:

  • εἰ + indicative
  • > “if… then…”
  • εἰ + οὐ + indicative
  • > “if not… then…”
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3
Q

conditional sentences

construction rules for second class conditions

A

contrary-to-fact assumption:

  • εἰ + imperfect indicative + ἀν + imperfect indicative
  • > “if [subject] were… then [subject] would…”
  • εἰ + μη + imperfect indicative + ἀν + imperfect indicative
  • > “if [subject] were not… then [subject] would…”
  • εἰ + aorist indicative + ἀν + aorist indicative
  • > “if [subject] had… then [subject] would have…”
  • εἰ + μη + aorist indicative + ἀν + aorist indicative
  • > “if [subject] had not… then [subject] would have…”
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4
Q

conditional sentences

construction rules for third class conditions

A

generalised / hypophetical / future assumption:

  • ἐαν + subjunctive
  • > “if [subject] might… then…”
  • ἐαν + μη + subjunctive
  • > “if [subject] might not… then…”
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5
Q

genitive absolute construction rules

A
  • noun in genitive + agreeing participle
  • translation help: start by translating as “during…”
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6
Q

periphrastic constructions

present tense

A
  • εἰμι [present] + present participle
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7
Q

periphrastic constructions

future tense

A
  • ἐσομαι [future] + present participle
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8
Q

periphrastic constructions

imperfect tense

A
  • ἠμην [imperfect] + present participle
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9
Q

periphrastic constructions

perfect tense

A
  • εἰμι [present] + perfect participle
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10
Q

periphrastic constructions

future perfect tense

A
  • ἐσομαι [future] + perfect participle
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11
Q

periphrastic constructions

pluperfect tense

A
  • ἠμην [imperfect] + perfect participle
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12
Q

construction of adverb from adjective

A
  • -ος -> -ως
    (e. g. σοφος / σοφη / σοφον -> σοφως)
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13
Q

construction of comparative adjective

A
  • short vowel: -ωτερος
    (e. g. σ_ο_φος / σ_ο_φη / σ_ο_φον
  • > σοφ_ω_τερος / σοφ_ω_τερα / σοφ_ω_τερον)
  • long vowel / diphtong: -οτερος
    (e. g. δικ_αι_ος / δικ_αι_α / δικ_αι_ον
  • > δικαι_ο_τερος / δικαι_ο_τερα / δικαι_ο_τερον)
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14
Q

construction of superlative adjective

A
  • short vowel: -ωτατος
    (e. g. σ_ο_φος / σ_ο_φη / σ_ο_φον
  • > σοφ_ω_τατος / σοφ_ω_τατη / σοφ_ω_τατον)
  • long vowel / diphtong: -οτατος
    (e. g. δικ_αι_ος / δικ_αι_α / δικ_αι_ον
  • > δικαι_ο_τατος / δικαι_ο_τατη / δικαι_ο_τατον)
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15
Q

construction of comparative adverb

A
  • short vowel: -ωτερον
    (e. g. σ_ο_φως -> σοφ_ω_τερον)
  • long vowel / diphtong: -οτερον
    (e. g. δικ_αι_ος -> δικαι_ο_τερον)
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16
Q

construction of superlative abverb

A
  • short vowel: -ωτατα
    (e. g. σ_ο_φως -> σοφ_ω_τατα)
  • long vowel / diphtong: -οτατα
    (e. g. δικ_αι_ως -> δικαι_ο_τατα)