Roman Temples (Fortuna Virilis & The Pantheon)

Question 1

What was the most important part of a Roman sanctuary?

Answer 1

The altar

Question 2

What were Roman temples placed on?

Answer 2

a podium

Question 3

Which way did all roman temples face?

Answer 3

East

Question 4

Where could you enter a roman temple from?

Answer 4

the Front only

Question 5

Why were temples built facing the east?

Answer 5

so light would shine on the cult statue in the morning

Question 6

What type of Columns did roman temples have?

Answer 6

semi-engaged columns

Question 7

what was the main room in a roman temple called and what was in it?

Answer 7

Cella and it contained the cult statue

Question 8

What was the function of a roman temple?

Answer 8

to house the gods

Question 9

TRUE OR FALSE:
roman temples were dedicated to one God

Answer 9

False
they were often dedicated to multiple gods at a time

Question 10

Where is the temple of Portunus located?

Answer 10

in the Forum Bourium

Question 11

What did having a river near a temple bring ?

Answer 11

prosperity

Question 12

Which river is located next to the temple of Portunus?

Answer 12

the river tiber

Question 13

What was the area of Forum Bourium known for?

Answer 13

a cattle market between the Palatine and Aventine hills

Question 14

Who was the temple of Portunus first dedicated to?

Answer 14

Fortuna Virilis

Question 15

What does Fortuna Virilis mean?

Answer 15

many fortune

Question 16

Who is the temple of Portunus now associated with?

Answer 16

Portunus

Question 17

Who is Portunus?

Answer 17

the god of harbours

Question 18

During what period was the temple of Portunus built?

Answer 18

during the Roman Republic

Question 18

When was the temple of Portunus constructed between?

Answer 18

120BC and 80BC

Question 19

What order temple is the temple of Portunus?

Answer 19

an ionic order temple

Question 20

What type of columns did the temple of Portunus have?

Answer 20

free standing and semi-engaged columns

Question 21

What type of architecture was the temple of Portunus heavily influenced by?

Answer 21

Greek and Etruscan architecture

Question 22

What are the Etruscan elements of the temple of Portunus

Answer 22

-the podium the temple stands on
-the steps which lead up to the temple

Question 23

What are the Greek elements to the temple of Portunus?

Answer 23

free standing columns and the porch

Question 24

What was the temple of Portunus made out of?

Answer 24

Tufa and Limestone covered with the plaster to give a marble effect

Question 25

Why was the Pantheon built?

Answer 25

to celebrate Augustus winning the battle of Actium

Question 26

Who was the Pantheon commissioned by?

Answer 26

Augustus

Question 27

Who built the Pantheon?

Answer 27

Marcus Agrippa

Question 28

When was the pantheon built?

Answer 28

between 27 and 25 BC

Question 29

When did the pantheon burn down?

Answer 29

80AD

Question 30

who rebuilt the pantheon?

Answer 30

Hadrian

Question 31

Who was the pantheon dedicated to?

Answer 31

multiple different gods

Question 32

What was the pantheon made out of?

Answer 32

marble, brick and concrete

Question 33

what order style is the Pantheon?

Answer 33

Corinthian order temple

Question 34

How did the front of the Pantheon look?

Answer 34

free standing and semi-engaged columns along with a pediment

Question 35

What made the Pantheon unique?

Answer 35

-dome roof
-oculus in the roof
-rotunda at the back

Question 36

What is a rotunda?

Answer 36

a round room with a domed roof

Question 37

what is an oculus?

Answer 37

an opening in the centre of the dome

Question 38

What was the purpose of the Oculus?

Answer 38

made sure temple was not polluted and allowed light into the temple

Question 39

Where was the pantheon located?

Answer 39

on the Compus Martius

Question 40

What was the Compus Martius?

Answer 40

the field of mars

Question 41

What happened on
the Compus Martius?

Answer 41

army met up and where elections took place