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OCR GCSE Classical Civilisation Myth and Religion > Roman Temples (Fortuna Virilis & The Pantheon) > Flashcards

Roman Temples (Fortuna Virilis & The Pantheon) Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the most important part of a Roman sanctuary?

A

The altar

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2
Q

What were Roman temples placed on?

A

a podium

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3
Q

Which way did all roman temples face?

A

East

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4
Q

Where could you enter a roman temple from?

A

the Front only

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5
Q

Why were temples built facing the east?

A

so light would shine on the cult statue in the morning

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6
Q

What type of Columns did roman temples have?

A

semi-engaged columns

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7
Q

what was the main room in a roman temple called and what was in it?

A

Cella and it contained the cult statue

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8
Q

What was the function of a roman temple?

A

to house the gods

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9
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
roman temples were dedicated to one God

A

False
they were often dedicated to multiple gods at a time

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10
Q

Where is the temple of Portunus located?

A

in the Forum Bourium

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11
Q

What did having a river near a temple bring ?

A

prosperity

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12
Q

Which river is located next to the temple of Portunus?

A

the river tiber

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13
Q

What was the area of Forum Bourium known for?

A

a cattle market between the Palatine and Aventine hills

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14
Q

Who was the temple of Portunus first dedicated to?

A

Fortuna Virilis

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15
Q

What does Fortuna Virilis mean?

A

many fortune

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16
Q

Who is the temple of Portunus now associated with?

A

Portunus

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17
Q

Who is Portunus?

A

the god of harbours

18
Q

During what period was the temple of Portunus built?

A

during the Roman Republic

18
Q

When was the temple of Portunus constructed between?

A

120BC and 80BC

19
Q

What order temple is the temple of Portunus?

A

an ionic order temple

20
Q

What type of columns did the temple of Portunus have?

A

free standing and semi-engaged columns

21
Q

What type of architecture was the temple of Portunus heavily influenced by?

A

Greek and Etruscan architecture

22
Q

What are the Etruscan elements of the temple of Portunus

A

-the podium the temple stands on
-the steps which lead up to the temple

23
Q

What are the Greek elements to the temple of Portunus?

A

free standing columns and the porch

24
Q

What was the temple of Portunus made out of?

A

Tufa and Limestone covered with the plaster to give a marble effect

25
Q

Why was the Pantheon built?

A

to celebrate Augustus winning the battle of Actium

26
Q

Who was the Pantheon commissioned by?

A

Augustus

27
Q

Who built the Pantheon?

A

Marcus Agrippa

28
Q

When was the pantheon built?

A

between 27 and 25 BC

29
Q

When did the pantheon burn down?

A

80AD

30
Q

who rebuilt the pantheon?

A

Hadrian

31
Q

Who was the pantheon dedicated to?

A

multiple different gods

32
Q

What was the pantheon made out of?

A

marble, brick and concrete

33
Q

what order style is the Pantheon?

A

Corinthian order temple

34
Q

How did the front of the Pantheon look?

A

free standing and semi-engaged columns along with a pediment

35
Q

What made the Pantheon unique?

A

-dome roof
-oculus in the roof
-rotunda at the back

36
Q

What is a rotunda?

A

a round room with a domed roof

37
Q

what is an oculus?

A

an opening in the centre of the dome

38
Q

What was the purpose of the Oculus?

A

made sure temple was not polluted and allowed light into the temple

39
Q

Where was the pantheon located?

A

on the Compus Martius

40
Q

What was the Compus Martius?

A

the field of mars

41
Q

What happened on
the Compus Martius?

A

army met up and where elections took place

OCR GCSE Classical Civilisation Myth and Religion (20 decks)

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