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OCR GCSE Classical Civilisation Myth and Religion > Greek Gods > Flashcards

Greek Gods Flashcards

The responsibilities, symbols and representations in art of the Greek Gods

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1
Q

What is a Paradox?

A

Something that opposes itself

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2
Q

What did Greek religion centre around?

A

acts of worship

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3
Q

When would the Greeks come to their Gods?

A

When they needed them

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4
Q

Did the Greeks have the term religion?

A

No

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5
Q

What does the word ‘hiera’ mean

A

It means holy affairs

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6
Q

what is todays religion based on which makes it different to Greek religion?

A

It is based on faith, and people communicate to God Whenever

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7
Q

Why was Greek Religion complex?

A

There was no holy book to help them understand their religion.

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8
Q

What were Greek city called?

A

polis/poleis

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9
Q

‘religion united the Greek city states’
True or False?

A

True

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10
Q

How was Greek fluid in it’s religion

A

There was no Religious hierarchy.

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11
Q

What does Dogma mean?

A

Viewpoint, an opinion or idea

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12
Q

How was Dogma like in Greek religion?

A

There was a lack of Dogma

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13
Q

How was there a lack of Dogma in Greek religion?

A

There were no set beliefs.
A person could follow the religion how the wanted.
There was no Hierarchy in the way priests worked.

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14
Q

What was a benefit in not having a hierarchy in trained priests

A

This meant that no one could obtain power and abuse that power, meaning everyone had a fair chance.

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15
Q

List three similarities Between Modern and Greek Religion.

A

-Both believe in some sort of afterlife.
-Both celebrate to commemorate certain events.
-both have pilgrimages and go to holy places
-both have Rites of passages, which means a lot of religious aspects are involved with Birth, death, Marriage etc.

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16
Q

List 4 differences between Modern and Greek Religion.

A
  • Greek was Polytheistic, while Modern is Monotheistic
  • Greece had a lack of Dogma and no viewpoint while Modern religion has Dogma and a viewpoint
  • Scripture: there was no scripture in ancient Greece but there a many holy books in Modern religion.
  • Centralised religious authority: Ancient Greek had no hierarchy of power. Today we have things like a Pope.
  • Formal Moral Code: Greece didn’t have rules to follow while modern has strict moral code.
  • Concept of Conversion: You couldn’t change religion in Greece because of the lack of dogma. Today you can do so freely
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17
Q

What was the purpose of Greek religion according to Hesiod.

A

Was to please and satisfy the God’s

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18
Q

How do you satisfy the God’s?

A

By worshipping the God’s correctly

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19
Q

How would the Greeks worship the God’s correctly?

A

By giving them sacrifices and libations

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20
Q

Why did the Greeks want to please the God’s

A

They believed the God’s controlled everything, so by pleasing the God’s they would have a prosperous life with good things

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21
Q

What was the purpose of Greek religion?

A

to have a reason for everything that happened to them.

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22
Q

Why were people religious in ancient Greece?

A

So that they would have a pleasant after life

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23
Q

How does the Greek religion install fear in the people?

A

Because if they do not worship they will not have a good afterlife so people will worship to have a good afterlife

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24
Q

What was Zeus the God of?

A

God of the heavens and the skies

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25
Q

Who was the king of all Gods?

A

Zeus

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26
Q

which god was known as the ‘fate of men’

A

Zeus

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27
Q

True or False?
Athena was the ‘keeper of justice’

A

False it was Zeus

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28
Q

What is Zeus often depicted as?

A

a bearded man holding a lightning bolt

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29
Q

Who is often depicted holding an eagle or seated on a throne holding a sceptre?

A

Zeus

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30
Q

Who was the God of the seas?

A

poseidon

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31
Q

What was Poseidon depicted as?

A

a bearded man holding a trident

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32
Q

Who was Poseidon important to?

A

to the Greek sailors, they would pray to him before any journey

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33
Q

Who was the God of the underworld?

A

Hades

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33
Q

what type of deity was hades?

A

a chthonic Deity

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33
Q

What is a chthonic God?

A

a god that was connected to the earth and underworld.

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34
Q

Which God is depicted with a cornucopia?

A

Hades

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35
Q

What is a Cornucopia?

A

a horn shell that contained an endless supply of food and drink

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36
Q

who is the person Hades is often depicted with?

A

His wife Persephone.

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37
Q

Who was the Goddess of Marriage and women?

A

Hera

38
Q

Who was Zeus’ wife?

A

Hera

39
Q

Who was the Queen of the Gods?

A

Hera

40
Q

What was Hera often depicted with?

A

a diadem

41
Q

What is a diadem?

A

a crown often associated with God’s or Kings

42
Q

What traits did Hera have?

A

she was a powerful and independent Goddess.

43
Q

Who was the Goddess of war?

A

Athena

44
Q

Who was the Goddess of wisdom?

A

Athena

45
Q

Who was the Goddess of military intelligence?

A

Athena

46
Q

What was Athena depicted with to represent wisdom?

A

an owl

47
Q

which Goddess is depicted with a helmet, spear and aegis?

A

Athena

48
Q

what is an aegis?

A

a breastplate or shield

49
Q

What was Demeter the Goddess of?

A

harvest and agriculture

50
Q

What is Demeter depicted with?

A

depicted wearing a diadem holding a bundle of wheat, grain or flowers

51
Q

why was Demeter very important to the Greeks?

A

because Greek society was built on agriculture.

52
Q

Who was the Goddess of the home and hearth?

A

Hestia

53
Q

What is a hearth?

A

the fireplace kept in the home

54
Q

What is Hestia depicted as?

A

a veiled figure

55
Q

Why was Hestia very important?

A

because they needed fire for survival

56
Q

What would the Greeks do that showed Hestia’s importance?

A

in every sacrifice in the home, they started with an offering to Hestia

57
Q

Who was the God of metalworking, fire and craftsmen?

A

Hephaistos

58
Q

How was Hephaistos depicted?

A

depicted with a hammer

59
Q

Who was the Goddess of love and beauty?

A

Aphrodite

60
Q

Which Goddess is depicted rising from a sea shell or naked?

A

Aphrodite

61
Q

Which 3 people were able to resist Aphrodite’s influence?

A

Athena, Hestia and Artemis

62
Q

What was Artemis the Goddess of?

A

Hunting, wildlife and childbirth

63
Q

Which Goddess was depicted with a bow and arrow and sometimes wild animals?

A

Artemis

64
Q

Who is twins with Artemis?

A

Apollo

65
Q

Which goddess is the moon associated to?

A

Artemis

66
Q

Which God is associated with the sun?

A

Apollo

67
Q

What is Apollo the god of?

A

god of music, the arts, education, archery and prophecies.

68
Q

How is apollo depicted?

A

With a bow and arrow and a lyre

69
Q

What is a lyre?

A

a small Greek harp

70
Q

which God had the biggest oracle in the Greek world?

A

Apollo

71
Q

Where was Apollo’s oracle?

A

In Delphi

72
Q

Who was the god of travel, trade and messenger to the gods?

A

Hermes

73
Q

What is Hermes depicted with?

A

his traveller’s cap, a caduceus and winged scandals.

74
Q

What is a caduceus?

A

a traveller’s staff ( mostly associated with Hermes)

75
Q

Who are are the only Gods who can travel the underworld to consort hades?

A

Hermes and Dionysus

76
Q

What was Ares God of?

A

War

77
Q

What is Ares depicted with?

A

wearing his armour

78
Q

What is Ares often represented as in terms of character?

A

a merciless killer, opposite of Athena

79
Q

Who was the god of wine and Theatre?

A

Dionysus

80
Q

What Dionysus depicted with?

A

a thyrsus, vines and Animal skin

81
Q

What is a thyrsus

A

a staff tipped with pine cone, intertwined with ivy (associated with Dionysus)

82
Q

True or False:
Dionysus was fully god.

A

False Dionysus was both god and mortal

83
Q

What Human figures is Dionysus depicted with?

A

Maenads and satyrs

84
Q

What were Maenads?

A

a female follower of Dionysus

85
Q

What were Satyrs?

A

half man, half goat attendants of Dionysus

86
Q

What type of life did the Satyrs live?

A

promiscuous

87
Q

Why was Dionysus very popular?

A

because wine and theatre were very pivotal in public and private celebration.

88
Q

What is an amphora?

A

a type of vase, which contained wine.

89
Q

what was the acropolis usually reserved for?

A

religious buildings

90
Q

What is an oracle?

A

an utterance given by a priest or priestess

91
Q

What was an oracle supposed to be the words of ?

A

the words of a God

92
Q

What is Thebes?

A

an ancient city which is the focus of many mythological stories.

93
Q

What was Xenia?

A

a law that protected foreign travellers.

94
Q

What does Xenia involve?

A

giving hospitality to guests even if they were strangers

95
Q

Which God was responsible for Xenia?

A

Zeus

OCR GCSE Classical Civilisation Myth and Religion (20 decks)

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