Roman Gods Flashcards
What was the roman name for the Greek Goddess Demeter?
Ceres
What was the roman name for the Greek goddess Artemis?
Diana
What was the roman name for the Greek goddess Hestia?
Vesta
What was the roman name for the Greek god Zeus?
Jupiter
What was the roman name for the Greek goddess Athena?
Minerva
What was the roman name for the Greek God Hermes?
Mercury
What was the roman name for the Greek God Apollo?
Apollo
What was the roman name for the Greek God Dionysus?
Bacchus
What was the roman name for the Greek Goddess Hera?
Juno
What was the roman name for the Greek God Poseidon?
Neptune
What was the roman name for the Greek God Hades?
Pluto
What was the roman name for the Greek God Hephaistos?
Vulcan
What was the roman name for the Greek Goddess Aphrodite?
Venus
What was the roman name for the Greek God Ares?
Mars
What was a Sarcophagus?
a stone coffin decorated with sculptures, made for the elite in Roman society
What was the poorer class in Roman society called?
Plebian
What was Cerealia?
a major festival of the grain Goddess Ceres.
What was Vulcanalia?
a major roman festival for the god Vulcan
What was the other name for Vulcanalia?
the fire festival
What was the battle of Actium?
was a naval battle which took place just off the coast of Greece.
When was the battle of Actium?
in 31BC
Who was the battle of Actium between?
between Octavian and Mark Anthony and Cleopatra
Who was Octavian?
Augustus
what were small ornaments used as offerings to Gods called?
Votive Offering
What was a Lararium?
was a shrine to the household Gods
What were household God’s called?
Lars
What was Bacchanalia?
a major roman festival celebrating the God Bacchus
Wat does Hellenised mean?
Heavily Greek influenced
What animal was often found in on a lararium?
a snake
What did a snake represent to the romans?
good luck and prosperity
What figure is usually shown in the middle of a lararium?
the genius
What was a ‘genius’?
the males head of the family
What was the name given to the male head of the family in latin?
pater familias
What did the lars do?
they offered protection over the household
Where is the Lararium often found?
in the atrium
What was an atrium?
front reception room
What were the pater familias responsible for?
making sure everyone in the household was worshiping the gods.
what does the latin word ‘religio’ mean?
it means that which binds together
How is roman religion similar to modern day religion in terms of rites of passage?
religion is strongly linked to birth, marriage and death in both.
How is roman religion similar to modern day religion in terms of family life?
there would be worship at the start of the day and at meal time
How is roman religion similar to modern day religion in terms of festivals ?
it gave structure to the cycle of the year/ calendar
How is roman religion different to modern day religion in terms of scripture and morality?
the romans had not set beliefs and scripture, and they did not use religion for morality.
What was roman religion about?
treating the gods correctly, so they would get good things
How is roman religion different to modern day religion in terms of the afterlife?
The romans saw death as a miserable thing as there was no such thing as a promise to heaven.
What happened to wicked people in the afterlife?
they would live in endless torment in the underworld
What happened to heroes in the afterlife?
They would stay in a places called the elysian fields.
How is roman religion different to modern day religion in terms of conversion?
there was no concept of conversion.
What were the romans very accepting to?
other polytheistic religions
What did the romans hate?
monotheistic religions such as Judaism and Christianity.
What was more important to roman Gods; love or honour?
honour
how did the Roman people honour the Gods (2 examples)?
with sacrifices, libations and gifts such as votive offerings
what does ‘Do ut des’ translate to?
‘I give in order that you may give’
What does ‘Do ut des’ show about roman religion?
That people would sacrifice and honour the gods to get something back.
How did roman religion link to the military and politics?
the romans felt that their politics and military was as strong as their religion
What is ‘peace of the Gods’ in latin?
‘Pax deorum’
What did the romans always want?
‘Pax deorum’ (peace of the gods)
What is the English translation for ‘Ira deorum’
wrath of the gods
What did the romans do to avoid Ira deorum?
they worshipped the gods
Who are the virgin goddesses?
Minerva, Vesta and Diana
