Rogers Flashcards
A person’s inner abilities to solve problems, alter self-concept, and become more self-directed reflect Rogers’s concept of
the actualizing tendency.
Rogers believed that conflict and inner tension are a result of a discrepancy between the
actualizing and self-actualization tendencies.
In Rogers’s theory, self-actualization is
a subsystem of the actualizing tendency.
Rogers believed that people’s positive self-regard
can exist independently of other people’s attitudes toward them.
The research on the effectiveness of client-centered therapy reported by Rogers and Dymond indicated that after therapy, clients
showed more movement to growth than a matched group of control participants.
Laura has just complimented Mitzi for her cooking. Mitzi regards herself as a very mediocre cook. According to Rogerian theory, Laura’s remarks will
be distorted by Mitzi.
According to Rogers, when therapists experience “a warm, positive and accepting attitude toward what is the client”, they
have unconditional positive regard for that client.
For Rogers, all behavior is relative to the
actualizing tendency.
According to Rogers, which of these conditions would be MOST therapeutic?
empathy.
Before entering Columbia University to study psychology and education, Carl Rogers had planned to become
a minister.
In describing psychological maladjustment, Rogers preferred to speak of it in terms of
defensive and disorganized behavior.
According to Rogers, ______ is a person’s need to be loved, liked, or accepted by another person.
positive regard.
Rogers would say that unconditional positive regard is at greatest variance with
external evaluation.
For Rogers, the source of people’s positive self-regard is
other people’s positive regard toward them.
Rogers’s concept of humanity is basically
positive and optimistic.
Which term is LEAST appropriate as applied to Carl Rogers?
philosopher
When a person becomes vaguely aware that the discrepancy between experience and self may become conscious, Rogers said that he or she will develop a feeling of
anxiety.
Rogers referred to the tendency for the person of tomorrow to live in the present moment as
existential living.
Disorganization exists, Rogers said, when
normal defenses do not reconcile experiences with view of self.
According to Rogers, positive external evaluations
do not foster psychological health.
Rogers’s early approach to therapy was most influenced by
Otto Rank.
The misinterpretation of an experience in order to make it fit some aspect of one’s self-concept matches Rogers’ concept of
distortion
According to Rogers, the two subsystems of the self are the
self-concept and the ideal self.
Rogers said that evaluations of a person by others tend to
distort the person’s self-concept.
According to Rogers, when people are unaware of the discrepancy between their self and their experience, they become
vulnerable
What condition did Rogers believe must be present in a relationship that leads to psychological growth?
All of these are correct.
Rogers’s therapeutic approach at the University of Chicago emphasized
the importance of the therapist-client relationship.
Rogers held that if certain therapeutic conditions are present, then people will
move toward psychological growth.
According to Rogers,
everyone possesses the actualizing tendency.
Carl Rogers is best known as
the founder of client-centered therapy.
Rogers believed that the successful therapist
must be congruent in the counseling relationship.
For Rogers, empathy is an effective part of therapy because it
helps clients listen to their organismic self.
Rogers believed that healthy individuals evaluate their experience from the viewpoint of their
organismic self
Rogers said that evaluations of a person by others tend to
distort the person’s self-concept
For Rogers, empathy is an effective part of therapy because it enables clients to listen to their
organismic self
To Rogers, the basic ingredient of maladjustment is
discrepancy of organismic vs. perceived self
Rogers said that an established self-concept
renders change and growth more difficult
According to Rogers, experiences inconsistent with one’s self-concept are
- not readily accepted into the self-concept
- often denied
- often accepted only in distorted forms
Which of these conditions did Rogers NOT see as a “necessary and sufficient” ingredient in therapeutic growth?
problem solving
Rogers’s theory of personality evolved out of
his experiences as a client-centered therapist
According to Rogers, the two most frequent defensive reactions are
denial and distortion
Rogers claimed that incongruence exists when a person
feels a discrepancy of self-concept vs. ideal self
According to Rogers, a portion of one’s experience becomes differentiated into
sense of self-identity
According to Rogers, compliments and positive feedback
- will not usually enhance a person’s self-concept
- seldom have a positive influence on self-concept
- may be denied or distorted by the person receiving them
Rogers stated that therapists will be more effective if they communicate ______ to the clients
all genuine feelings
Rogers believed that infants evaluate their experiences as positive or negative by the criteria of
the actualizing tendency
Rogers believed that healthy individuals evaluate their experience from the viewpoint of
their organismic self
Roger’s basic assumption in therapy was that
psychological growth is enhanced when clients receive empathy and unconditional positive regard from a congruent therapist
According to Roger’s view of the therapeutic process, psychological growth appears to be irreversible at the _____ stage
6th
In a state of disorganization, people’s behavior may be consistent with their
shattered self-concept
Rogers called the tendency for matter (organic and inorganic) to evolve from simpler to more complex forms
the formative tendency
Rogers believed that people’s positive self-regard
can exist independently of other people’s attitudes toward them
Research measuring congruency between our perceived selves and our ideal selves has found
Both of these are correct.
According to Rogers, the ____ includes all those aspects of one’s being and one’s experience that are perceived in awareness
self-concept
As an adolescent, Rogers
was shy and socially incompetent
The research on the effectiveness of client-centered therapy reported by Rogers and Dymond indicated that after therapy, clients
showed more movement to growth than a matched group of control patients
For Rogers, empathy is an effective part of therapy because it
helps clients listen to their organismic self
To Rogers, the basic ingredient of maladjustment is
discrepancy of organismic vs. perceived self.
Rogers held that if certain therapeutic conditions are present, then people will
move toward psychological growth.
Lauren perceives another person’s evaluation of her. Rogers believed that Lauren will
develop unconditional positive regard for that person.
Rogers’s approach to therapy is best termed
client-centered.
“The symbolic representation (not necessarily in verbal symbols) of some portion of our experience” is Rogers’ definition of
awareness
According to Rogers, for a psychologically healthy person,
there is a close agreement between ideal self and perceived self
Rogers believed the most basic condition for psychological growth is
congruence
In general, the Chicago studies demonstrated that client-centered therapy
led to long-term positive growth for some clients.
To Rogers, congruent people are
aware of and able to express their feelings.
In his philosophy of science, Rogers argued that methodology must be
objective
Rogers believed that after client-centered counseling is successful, clients ideally will
become their own therapists.
According to Rogers, experiences inconsistent with one’s self-concept are
all of these are correct
For Rogers, the ideal self
is one’s view of how one would like to be.
According to Rogers, positive external evaluations
do not foster psychological health
Which of these is NOT characteristic of Rogers’s “person of tomorrow”?
trust in other individuals
What stage of Rogers’s therapeutic process is characterized by avoidance of present feelings and a discussion limited to past or future emotions?
3rd
According to Rogers,
everyone possesses the actualizing tendency.
