Rogers

Question 1

A person’s inner abilities to solve problems, alter self-concept, and become more self-directed reflect Rogers’s concept of

Answer 1

the actualizing tendency.

Question 2

Rogers believed that conflict and inner tension are a result of a discrepancy between the

Answer 2

actualizing and self-actualization tendencies.

Question 3

In Rogers’s theory, self-actualization is

Answer 3

a subsystem of the actualizing tendency.

Question 4

Rogers believed that people’s positive self-regard

Answer 4

can exist independently of other people’s attitudes toward them.

Question 5

The research on the effectiveness of client-centered therapy reported by Rogers and Dymond indicated that after therapy, clients

Answer 5

showed more movement to growth than a matched group of control participants.

Question 6

Laura has just complimented Mitzi for her cooking. Mitzi regards herself as a very mediocre cook. According to Rogerian theory, Laura’s remarks will

Answer 6

be distorted by Mitzi.

Question 7

According to Rogers, when therapists experience “a warm, positive and accepting attitude toward what is the client”, they

Answer 7

have unconditional positive regard for that client.

Question 8

For Rogers, all behavior is relative to the

Answer 8

actualizing tendency.

Question 9

According to Rogers, which of these conditions would be MOST therapeutic?

Answer 9

empathy.

Question 10

Before entering Columbia University to study psychology and education, Carl Rogers had planned to become

Answer 10

a minister.

Question 11

In describing psychological maladjustment, Rogers preferred to speak of it in terms of

Answer 11

defensive and disorganized behavior.

Question 12

According to Rogers, ______ is a person’s need to be loved, liked, or accepted by another person.

Answer 12

positive regard.

Question 13

Rogers would say that unconditional positive regard is at greatest variance with

Answer 13

external evaluation.

Question 14

For Rogers, the source of people’s positive self-regard is

Answer 14

other people’s positive regard toward them.

Question 15

Rogers’s concept of humanity is basically

Answer 15

positive and optimistic.

Question 16

Which term is LEAST appropriate as applied to Carl Rogers?

Answer 16

philosopher

Question 17

When a person becomes vaguely aware that the discrepancy between experience and self may become conscious, Rogers said that he or she will develop a feeling of

Answer 17

anxiety.

Question 18

Rogers referred to the tendency for the person of tomorrow to live in the present moment as

Answer 18

existential living.

Question 19

Disorganization exists, Rogers said, when

Answer 19

normal defenses do not reconcile experiences with view of self.

Question 20

According to Rogers, positive external evaluations

Answer 20

do not foster psychological health.

Question 21

Rogers’s early approach to therapy was most influenced by

Answer 21

Otto Rank.

Question 22

The misinterpretation of an experience in order to make it fit some aspect of one’s self-concept matches Rogers’ concept of

Answer 22

distortion

Question 23

According to Rogers, the two subsystems of the self are the

Answer 23

self-concept and the ideal self.

Question 24

Rogers said that evaluations of a person by others tend to

Answer 24

distort the person’s self-concept.

Question 25

According to Rogers, when people are unaware of the discrepancy between their self and their experience, they become

Answer 25

vulnerable

Question 26

What condition did Rogers believe must be present in a relationship that leads to psychological growth?

Answer 26

All of these are correct.

Question 27

Rogers's therapeutic approach at the University of Chicago emphasized

Answer 27

the importance of the therapist-client relationship.

Question 28

Rogers held that if certain therapeutic conditions are present, then people will

Answer 28

move toward psychological growth.

Question 29

According to Rogers,

Answer 29

everyone possesses the actualizing tendency.

Question 30

Carl Rogers is best known as

Answer 30

the founder of client-centered therapy.

Question 31

Rogers believed that the successful therapist

Answer 31

must be congruent in the counseling relationship.

Question 32

For Rogers, empathy is an effective part of therapy because it

Answer 32

helps clients listen to their organismic self.

Question 33

Rogers believed that healthy individuals evaluate their experience from the viewpoint of their

Answer 33

organismic self

Question 34

Rogers said that evaluations of a person by others tend to

Answer 34

distort the person's self-concept

Question 35

For Rogers, empathy is an effective part of therapy because it enables clients to listen to their

Answer 35

organismic self

Question 36

To Rogers, the basic ingredient of maladjustment is

Answer 36

discrepancy of organismic vs. perceived self

Question 37

Rogers said that an established self-concept

Answer 37

renders change and growth more difficult

Question 38

According to Rogers, experiences inconsistent with one's self-concept are

Answer 38

1. not readily accepted into the self-concept 2. often denied 3. often accepted only in distorted forms

Question 39

Which of these conditions did Rogers NOT see as a "necessary and sufficient" ingredient in therapeutic growth?

Answer 39

problem solving

Question 40

Rogers's theory of personality evolved out of

Answer 40

his experiences as a client-centered therapist

Question 41

According to Rogers, the two most frequent defensive reactions are

Answer 41

denial and distortion

Question 42

Rogers claimed that incongruence exists when a person

Answer 42

feels a discrepancy of self-concept vs. ideal self

Question 43

According to Rogers, a portion of one's experience becomes differentiated into

Answer 43

sense of self-identity

Question 44

According to Rogers, compliments and positive feedback

Answer 44

1. will not usually enhance a person's self-concept 2. seldom have a positive influence on self-concept 3. may be denied or distorted by the person receiving them

Question 45

Rogers stated that therapists will be more effective if they communicate ______ to the clients

Answer 45

all genuine feelings

Question 46

Rogers believed that infants evaluate their experiences as positive or negative by the criteria of

Answer 46

the actualizing tendency

Question 47

Rogers believed that healthy individuals evaluate their experience from the viewpoint of

Answer 47

their organismic self

Question 48

Roger's basic assumption in therapy was that

Answer 48

psychological growth is enhanced when clients receive empathy and unconditional positive regard from a congruent therapist

Question 49

According to Roger's view of the therapeutic process, psychological growth appears to be irreversible at the _____ stage

Answer 49

6th

Question 50

In a state of disorganization, people's behavior may be consistent with their

Answer 50

shattered self-concept

Question 51

Rogers called the tendency for matter (organic and inorganic) to evolve from simpler to more complex forms

Answer 51

the formative tendency

Question 52

Rogers believed that people's positive self-regard

Answer 52

can exist independently of other people's attitudes toward them

Question 53

Research measuring congruency between our perceived selves and our ideal selves has found

Answer 53

Both of these are correct.

Question 54

According to Rogers, the ____ includes all those aspects of one's being and one's experience that are perceived in awareness

Answer 54

self-concept

Question 55

As an adolescent, Rogers

Answer 55

was shy and socially incompetent

Question 56

The research on the effectiveness of client-centered therapy reported by Rogers and Dymond indicated that after therapy, clients

Answer 56

showed more movement to growth than a matched group of control patients

Question 57

For Rogers, empathy is an effective part of therapy because it

Answer 57

helps clients listen to their organismic self

Question 58

To Rogers, the basic ingredient of maladjustment is

Answer 58

discrepancy of organismic vs. perceived self.

Question 59

Rogers held that if certain therapeutic conditions are present, then people will

Answer 59

move toward psychological growth.

Question 60

Lauren perceives another person's evaluation of her. Rogers believed that Lauren will

Answer 60

develop unconditional positive regard for that person.

Question 61

Rogers's approach to therapy is best termed

Answer 61

client-centered.

Question 62

"The symbolic representation (not necessarily in verbal symbols) of some portion of our experience" is Rogers' definition of

Answer 62

awareness

Question 63

According to Rogers, for a psychologically healthy person,

Answer 63

there is a close agreement between ideal self and perceived self

Question 64

Rogers believed the most basic condition for psychological growth is

Answer 64

congruence

Question 65

In general, the Chicago studies demonstrated that client-centered therapy

Answer 65

led to long-term positive growth for some clients.

Question 66

To Rogers, congruent people are

Answer 66

aware of and able to express their feelings.

Question 67

In his philosophy of science, Rogers argued that methodology must be

Answer 67

objective

Question 68

Rogers believed that after client-centered counseling is successful, clients ideally will

Answer 68

become their own therapists.

Question 69

According to Rogers, experiences inconsistent with one's self-concept are

Answer 69

all of these are correct

Question 70

For Rogers, the ideal self

Answer 70

is one's view of how one would like to be.

Question 71

According to Rogers, positive external evaluations

Answer 71

do not foster psychological health

Question 72

Which of these is NOT characteristic of Rogers's "person of tomorrow"?

Answer 72

trust in other individuals

Question 73

What stage of Rogers's therapeutic process is characterized by avoidance of present feelings and a discussion limited to past or future emotions?

Answer 73

3rd

Question 74

According to Rogers,

Answer 74

everyone possesses the actualizing tendency.