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Theories of Personality > Fromm > Flashcards

Fromm Flashcards

1
Q

Fromm called the need to feel at home again in the world

A

rootedness

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2
Q

For Fromm, the relatively permanent way in which people relate to themselves and to the world is called

A

character

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3
Q

Fromm called our capacity to be aware of ourselves as a separate entity

A

a sense of identity

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4
Q

Fromm’s syndrome of decay consists of all the following EXCEPT

A

malignant aggression.

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5
Q

Fromm’s concept of humanity includes the notion that

A

people are the freaks of nature.

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6
Q

Tracy perceives everything that belongs to her as valuable and everything that belongs to others as having little value. Fromm would say Tracy is suffering from

A

malignant narcissism.

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7
Q

Fromm believed that the therapist should try to understand the patient by using

A

an attitude of relatedness

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8
Q

Fromm regarded Adolf Hitler as the world’s most conspicuous example of a person suffering from

A

the syndrome of decay.

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9
Q

Fromm believed that a symbiotic relationship

A

can be gratifying to the participants.

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10
Q

For Fromm, healthy people value work as

A

a means of creative self-expression.

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11
Q

In Fromm’s productive strategy of attaining rootedness, people

A

are weaned from the protective orbit of the mother or mother substitute.

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12
Q

Fromm held that the twin components of positive freedom are

A

love and work

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13
Q

Fromm called the healthy individual’s passionate love of life and all
living things

A

biophilia

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14
Q

Fromm’s hoarding character is similar to Freud’s _______ character.

A

anal

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15
Q

What was the most common character type found in Fromm’s research on social character in a Mexican village?

A

nonproductive-receptive

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16
Q

For Fromm, the drive for union with another person or persons reflects the human need of

A

none of these

?
Transcendance
rootedness
sense of identity

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17
Q

Adrianna’s frame of orientation is constantly challenged by inconsistent information. Fromm would predict that Adrianna will

A

force the information into an organization that she can understand.

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18
Q

Fromm believed that healthy people’s survival is dependent on

A

some combination of all character orientations.

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19
Q

For Fromm, positive freedom consists of

A

spontaneously expressing emotional potentialities.

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20
Q

Fromm’s human dilemma includes the notion that

A

people have acquired reasoning ability yet have few animal instincts.

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21
Q

According to Fromm, both masochism and sadism aim at

A

decreasing basic anxiety through unity with others.

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22
Q

According to Fromm, to keep one from going insane, one’s frame of orientation must include

A

a final goal

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23
Q

Compared with Freud, Fromm placed more emphasis on

A

social influences upon personality.

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24
Q

Which did Fromm NOT list as a sadistic tendency?

A

the need to accept criticism from others

A. the need to gain power over others
B. the desire to see others suffer
C. the need to exploit and use others
D. the need to accept criticism from others
E. None of the answers is correct.
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25
Q

Fromm used the term “necrophilia” to refer to

A

any attraction to death.

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26
Q

Fromm called our capacity to be aware of ourselves as a separate entity

A

a sense of identity.

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27
Q

Fromm asserted that as people gained more economic and political freedom, they felt more

A

isolation

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28
Q

Fromm contended that people can break the cycle of conformity and powerlessness only by

A

achieving positive freedom.

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29
Q

Fromm called the urge to rise above one’s passive and accidental existence

A

transcendence

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30
Q

Fromm believed that people relate to the world in two basic ways

A

assimilation and socialization

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31
Q

According to Fromm, existential needs

A

all of these

32
Q

Fromm believed that the ______ orientation is an outgrowth of modern commerce.

A

marketing

33
Q

Fromm regarded Adolf Hitler as the world’s most conspicuous example of a person suffering from

A

the syndrome of decay.

34
Q

From her salary as an elementary school teacher, Jennifer has accumulated a very large bank account. In addition, she has seldom thrown away any teaching aids. It thus appears that Jennifer has Fromm’s ______ orientation.

A

hoarding

35
Q

For Fromm, psychologically disturbed people

A

have failed to establish union with others.

36
Q

For Fromm, productive and caring creation reflects the need for

A

transcendence

37
Q

Fromm believed that authoritarianism takes two forms:

A

masochism and sadism.

38
Q

Fromm held that the twin components of positive freedom are

A

love and work

39
Q

In Fromm’s view, the marketing character’s personal value is dependent upon the ability to

A

sell themselves to others.

40
Q

Nell is careful with her money and rarely shares her thoughts or emotions with others. Her behavior illustrates Fromm’s ______ orientation.

A

hoarding

41
Q

According to Fromm, the exploitative character, like the receptive character,

A

sees the source of good as outside himself or herself

42
Q

Fromm believed that people who use conformity as a mechanism of escape

A

all of these

A. They lose their identity as unique individuals.
B. They often behave in a stiff, predictable manner.
C. They lack authenticity and individuality.
D. All of the answers are correct

43
Q

Fromm believed that killing members of one’s species for reasons other than survival is peculiar to humans. He called such killings

A

malignant aggression.

44
Q

Fromm held that our culture’s current feelings of anxiety, isolation, and powerlessness stem from

A

the rise of capitalism.

45
Q

Fromm believed that ___ is the successful solution to the human dilemma of being part of the natural world and yet separate from it.

A

positive freedom

46
Q

Fromm called the urge to rise above one’s passive and accidental existence

A

transcendence

47
Q

Lorilee, a college junior, is extremely dependent on her mother to make both major and minor decisions for her. According to Fromm, Lorilee’s behavior is characterized by

A

incestuous symbiosis.

48
Q

Fromm suggested that Hitler’s obsession with “superiority” of the German people reflects his

A

incestuous symbiosis.

49
Q

According to Fromm, submission, power, and love are the three basic modes of

A

relatedness

50
Q

Fromm regarded his parents as

A

quite neurotic.

51
Q

For Fromm, basic anxiety is a feeling of

A

being alone in the world.

52
Q

Fromm’s view of human nature was influenced by

A

all of these

53
Q

In Fromm’s view, the burden of freedom results in

A

basic anxiety

54
Q

Fromm’s most basic assumption is that personality must be understood in the light of

A

history

55
Q

Fromm believed that humans, as the only animal to possess self-awareness, imagination, and reason, are the

A

freaks of the universe.

56
Q

Fromm referred to our human need for a guide or map to make our way through the world as a need for a

A

frame of orientation

57
Q

For Fromm, psychologically disturbed people

A

have failed to establish union with others.

58
Q

Fromm believed that the lack of satisfaction of existential needs

A

eventuates in insanity for the individual.

59
Q

According to Fromm, Hitler’s neurotic need to annihilate his enemies shows his

A

necrophilic orientation.

60
Q

As a scientific theory, Erich Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis rates

A

low as a generator of empirical research.

61
Q

According to Erich Fromm, ________ play many roles and are guided by the motto “I am as you desire me.”

A

marketing characters

62
Q

In Fromm’s view, the marketing character’s personal value is dependent upon the ability to

A

sell himself or herself to others.

63
Q

In the context of nonproductive orientations, ________ keep money, feelings, and thoughts to themselves and prefer holding everything inside instead of letting go.

A

hoarding characters

64
Q

According to Erich Fromm, hoarding people are characterized by a lack of

A

creativity.

65
Q

According to Erich Fromm, rather than valuing things outside themselves, ________ seek to save that which they have already obtained.

A

hoarding characters

66
Q

In the context of nonproductive orientations, which of the following statements is true about hoarding characters?

A

They are excessively orderly, stubborn, and miserly.

67
Q

Fromm believed that people relate to the world in two basic ways

A

assimilation and socialization

68
Q

Which of the following is a salient feature of exploitative people?

A

They tend to be egocentric.

69
Q

According to Fromm, the exploitative character, like the receptive character,

A

sees the source of good as outside himself or herself.

70
Q

In the context of the primary mechanisms of escape, identify a true statement about destructiveness.

A

By employing destructiveness, destructive people acquire a type of perverted isolation.

71
Q

In the context of nonproductive orientations, identify a true statement about receptive characters.

A

They are characterized by positive traits such as loyalty, acceptance, and trust

72
Q

For Fromm, positive freedom consists of

A

spontaneously expressing emotional potentialities

73
Q

In the context of the primary mechanisms of escape, identify a true statement about masochism

A

It is characterized by strivings that are often disguised as love or loyalty.

74
Q

For Fromm, basic anxiety is a feeling of

A

being alone in the world

75
Q

From J. J. Bachofen, Fromm borrowed the idea that

A

the mother was the central figure in early societies.

Theories of Personality (11 decks)

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