RNA: Nucleic Acids Flashcards
Usually single stranded
Ribonucleic Acid “RNA”
Usually double stranded
Deoxyribonucleic Acid “DNA”
Stores genetic information
Nucleic Acids
DNA is a
Polydeoxyribonucleotide
The double stranded DNA with one strand strand sequence of 5’-AGCAGC-3’ has this many total ______.
Purines
The double stranded DNA with one strand strand sequence of 5’-AGTAGC-3’ has this many total ______.
Thymines
The double stranded DNA with one strand strand sequence of 5’-AGCAGC-3’ has this many total ______.
Hydrogen bonds
Twisting of dsDNA
Double helix
Double Helix: right-handed. Most famous. With 10 residues per 360 degree turn.
B form
Double Helix: left-handed. About 12 residues per turn.
Z form
Double Helix: right-handed. Dehydrated B form. 11 residues per turn. Usually found in DNA-RNA or RNA-RNA.
A form
Disruption of the Hydrogen bonds. By _______ or ______. Melting temperature. (Tm)
Denaturation. Chemicals or heat.
Half of the helical structure is destroyed
Melting Temperature (Tm)
Reattachment of complementary strands of DNA to form a double strand
Renaturation/Reannealing
The DNA double helix is stabilized by the _________ nature of the stacked nitrogen bases and these reaction.
Hydrophobic
DNA Replication is ________. Needs a ______ as template. Needs a lot of ________. Has been studied in E. coli.
Semiconservative. dsDNA. Enzymes.
Steps of DNA Replication: 1. Occurs at origin/s of replication. AT-rich region/s. Multiple origins Eukaryotes.
Strand Separation
Main enzyme of Strand Separation
DnaA protein
Steps of DNA Replication: 2. Occurs at origin/s of replication.
Replication Fork Formation
Enzyme for Replication Fork Formation. Binds to single stranded DNA. Moves along the DNA. Forces breakage of hydrogen bond.
DNA Helicase
Enzyme for Replication Fork Formation. Binds cooperatively to single-stranded DNA. Prevents reannealing of ssDNA strands. Protects ssDNA from nucleases.
SsDNA-binding proteins (SSB)
