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Biochemistry > Endo: Biosynthesis Of AA > Flashcards

Endo: Biosynthesis Of AA Flashcards

0
Q

Is essential in infants and children

A

Arginine

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1
Q

Essential AAs

A

Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Arginine, Tryptophan, Threonine, Valine & Phenylalanine “HILL MATT VP”

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2
Q

Most synthesized Arginine. Via what cycle?

A

Ornithine and Urea. Urea cycle.

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3
Q

Transamination of a-ketoacids that are available as common intermediates

A

Non-Essential AA

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4
Q

Their a-ketoacids are not common intermediates( enzymes needed to form them are lacking) Transamination isn’t an option. But they are present in common pathways of microorganisms and plants

A

Essential AA

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5
Q

No. of enzymes for synthesis of nutritionally NonEssential AAs

A

59

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6
Q

No. of enzymes for synthesis of nutritionally Essential AAs

A

17

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7
Q

Metabolic precursor: a-ketoglutarate, Amino acids: __________.

A

Glutamate, glutamine, arginine & proline “GGAP”

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8
Q

Metabolic precursor: 3-Phosphoglycerate, Amino acids: __________.

A

Glycine, Cysteine & Serine “GCS”

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9
Q

Metabolic precursor: Oxaloacetate, Amino acids: __________.

A

Lysine, Aspartate, Methionine, Asparagine & Threonine “LAMAT”

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10
Q

Metabolic precursor: Pyruvate, Amino acids: __________.

A

Valine, Alanine, Isoleucine & Leucine “VAIL”

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11
Q

Metabolic precursor: Phosphoenolpyruvate & Erythrose 4-Phosphate, Amino acids: __________.

A

Phenylalanine, Tryptophan & Tyrosine “PTT”

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12
Q

Metabolic precursor: Ribose 5-Phosphate , Amino acids: __________.

A

Histidine

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13
Q

a-Ketoglutarate Family

A

a ketoglutarate- glutamate= glutamine, arginine & proline

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14
Q

Enzyme used for glutamate+NH4+ATP ——-> glutamine+ADP+Pi+H

A

Glutamine synthetase

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15
Q

Enzyme used for a-ketoglutarate+NH4+NADPH+H ——–> 2 glutamate+NADP

A

Glutamate synthase

16
Q

Proline synthesis

A

Glutamate [glutamate kinase] Glutamyl phosphate [glutamate dehydrogenase] Glutamate semialdehyde [pyrroline carboxylase reductase] Proline

17
Q

Synthesis of Arginine

A

Glutamate [acetylglutamate synthase] Acetylglutamate [acetylglutamate kinase] Acetyl Glutamyl Phosphate [acetyl glutamyl dehydrogenase] Acetylglutamate semialdehyde [aminotransferase] Acetylornithine/Ornithine [ornithine carbamoyl transferase] Citrulline [argininosuccinate synthetase] Argininosuccinate [argininosuccinase] Arginine

18
Q

Oxaloacetate family

A

Oxaloacetate- aspartate- asparagine, methionine, lysine & threonine

19
Q

Synthesis of Aspartate & Asparagine

A

Oxaloacetate [transamination of glutamate] Aspartate [amidation with glutamine donating NH4] Asparagine

20
Q

Pyruvate family

A

Pyruvate = Valine, Alanine, Isoleucine & Leucine

21
Q

Synthesis of Alanine

A

Pyruvate [transamination from glutamate] Alanine

22
Q

Synthesis of Valine

A

Pyruvic acid- acetolatic acid- dihydroxyisovaleric acid- ketoisovaleric acid- valine

23
Q

Phosphoenolpyruvate and Erythrose 4 phosphate Family

A

Phosphoenolpyruvate + Erythrose 4 phosphate - chorismate= tryptophan, tyrosine & phenylalanine

24
Q

Synthesis of Tryptophan

A

Chorismate [anthranilate synthase] Anthranilate [anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase] N-5 Phosphoribosyl anthranilate [N-5 Phosphoribosyl anthranilate isomerase] Enol 1 carboxyphenylamino deoxyribulose phosphate [Indole 3 glycerol phosphate synthase] Indole 3 glycerol phosphate [Tryptophan synthase] Tryptophan

25
Q

Synthesis of Tyrosine

A

4 Hydroxyphenylpyruvate [aminotransferase] Tyrosine

26
Q

Synthesis of Phenylalanine

A

Phenylpyruvate [aminotransferase] Phenylalanine

27
Q

The 21st AA. Is encoded by the UGA codon. It has been discovered that HIV-1 encodes a functional _______.

A

Selenocysteine. Selenoprotein.

28
Q

In prokaryotes, an operon consisting of four genes necessary for the incorporation of selenocysteine into proteins.

A

Sel operon

29
Q

Patients with HIV have been shown to have a _____ than average blood plasma selenium level.

A

Lower

Biochemistry (20 decks)

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