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Bacteriolgy > Rickettsia, Chlamydia, Coxiella (Ex3) > Flashcards

Rickettsia, Chlamydia, Coxiella (Ex3) Flashcards

1
Q

General Features of Rickettsia, Chlamydia, and Coxiella

A
  • highly specialized, obligate intracellular bacteria
  • Gram-neg coccobacilli
  • susceptible to tetracycline
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2
Q

Rickettsia rickettsia

  • disease caused
  • pathogenesis
  • clinical signs
A
  • Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in humans and dogs
  • invades and replicates in endothelial cells of smaller blood vessels, initiating platelet activation, intravascular coagulation, and necrotizing vasculitis
  • CS: fever, depression, anorexia, edema, petechiae hemorrhage of mucosa, myalgia, stiff gait
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3
Q

Rickettsia felis

  • transmission
  • disease caused
A
  • transmitted by cat flea
  • flea-borne spotted fever in humans
  • inapparent infection in cats
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4
Q

Rickettsia prowazekii

  • disease caused
  • hosts
A
  • louse borne rickettsiosis
  • humans and flying squirrels
  • all domestic animals
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5
Q

Rickettsia typhi

  • disease caused
  • host and vector
A
  • murine typhus

- opossum and flea

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6
Q

Orienta tsutsugamushi

  • family
  • disease caused
  • vectors
A
  • Rickettsia
  • causes scrub typhus
  • chigger mites, rodents, birds
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7
Q

General Pathogensis of Rickettsia

A
  • tick transmission
  • replication in endothelial cells of small blood vessels
  • vasculitis, vasoconstriction
  • increased vascular permeability
  • hemorrhage, DIC, hypotension, decreased renal perfusion, shock
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8
Q

Piscirickettsia salmonis

  • hosts
  • problem
A
  • in farmed fish

- difficult to control: failure of antibiotics

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9
Q

Family Anaplasmataceae

  • what are they?
  • transmission
  • members
A
  • parasites of hematopoietic cells of vertebrate hosts
  • transmitted by invertebrate host or a vector
  • Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Neorickettsia
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10
Q

Anaplasma phagocytophilum

  • habitat
  • transmission
  • pathology
  • clinical signs
A
  • found in neutrophils in the host
  • transmitted by Ixodes ticks
  • necrotizing small vessel vasculitis
  • fever, depression, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, muscle pain
  • horses (subclinical edema, can be fatal) and dogs
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11
Q

Anaplasma platys

  • disease caused
  • pathogenesis
  • clinical signs
A
  • infectious cyclic thrombocytopenia
  • infects platelets
  • often asymptomatic
  • fever, uveitis, petechial and ecchymosis
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12
Q

Anaplasma marginale

  • diseases caused
  • transmission
  • pathogenesis
  • clinical signs
  • age susceptible
A
  • causes anaplasmosis in ruminants, and tick fever of cattle (with Babesia)
  • transmited via ticks, biting flies, fomites with blood
  • targets erythrocytes
  • fever, anemia, icterus
  • calves more resistant than older cattle
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13
Q

Ehrlichia canis

- infections caused and their clinical signs

A
  • brown dog tick borne infection
    Acute: monocytes, platelets
  • fever, thrombocytopenia, anemia, vasculitis, lymphadenopathy
    Persistent, subclinical: fever, anemia, thrombocytopenia
    Severe: Tropical Pancytopenia
  • weight loss, bleeding, vasculitis, secondary infections
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14
Q

Ehrlichia ruminantium

  • disease caused
  • transmission
  • pathogenesis
  • clinical signs
A
  • Heart water disease
  • reportable
  • tick vector: Amblyoma
  • replicates in macrophages and endothelial cells
  • respiratory and neurological signs
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15
Q

Genus: Neorickettsia

  • describe the bacteria
  • target cells
  • transmission
A
  • small intracellular bacteria
  • monocytes, macrophages
  • trematode vectors
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16
Q

Neorickettsia risticii

  • disease caused
  • transmission
  • clinical signs
A
  • Potomac horse fever
  • spread by trematodes of brown bats
  • aquatic snails as 1st IH, aquatic insects as 2nd IH
  • horses drink water infested with flies
  • CS: fever, anorexia, leukopenia, diarrhea, laminitis
17
Q

Neorickettsia helminthoeca

  • disease caused
  • transmission
  • pathogenesis (target cells)
  • clinical signs
A
  • causes Salmon poisoning in dogs, and Elokomin fluke fever
  • IH: snails and flukes
  • dogs infected with eat salmon infected with fluke
  • infect mononuclear cells
  • CS: fever, depression, dehydration, anorexia, vomiting, hemorrhagic diarrhea, lymphadenopathy
18
Q

Chlamydia Unique Features

A
  • dimorphic life cycle:
  • reticulate body (intracellular replicating form)
  • elementary body (extracellular non-replicating form)
  • energy parasites, do not generate ATP
19
Q

What disease is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis?

A

Human chlamydiosis, an STD

20
Q

Chlamydia psittacis

  • diseases caused
  • transmission
  • signs
  • diagnosis
A
  • avian chlamydiosis, ornithosis, or psittacosis
  • zoonotic, reportable
  • elementary bodies shed by carriers, inhaled into lungs, life cycle in epithelial and phagocytic cells
  • septicemic multi-organ infection
  • bronchiolitis, bronchopneumonia, fibrinous polyserositis, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, death
  • geimsa stain
21
Q

Chlamydia pecorum

  • diseases caused
  • signs
A
  • polyarthritis in lambs and calves, stiff lamb disease
  • sporadic bovine encephalomyelitis
  • locomotor, postural, and behavioral disturbances
22
Q

Chlamydia felis

  • disease caused
  • signs
  • transmission
A
  • feline pneumonitis
  • conjunctivitis and rhinitis
  • asymptomatic carriers and shedding from reproductive tract
23
Q

Coxiella burnetii

  • disease caused
  • transmission
  • signs
A
  • Q fever
  • endospore-like form in environment
  • subclinically persists in carrier females
  • released around parturition in birth fluids, milk, urine, feces
  • spread by inhalation
  • usually subclinical, may cause placentitis and abortion in ruminants
24
Q

Q disease

A
  • zoonotic

- flu-like illness, pneumonia, hepatitis, or endocarditis

Bacteriolgy (17 decks)

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