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Bacteriolgy > Pseudomonas, Burkholderia (Ex2) > Flashcards

Pseudomonas, Burkholderia (Ex2) Flashcards

1
Q

Pseudomonas general features

A
  • Gram negative
  • rods
  • motile (flagella)
  • obligate aerobic
  • mainly in water
  • most saprophytic (dead/decaying matter)
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2
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa general features

A
  • facultative symbiotic
  • facultative pathogenic (seconday infection)
  • lives in soil, water, and on plants
  • easy grower, large colonies
  • sweet odor, blue-green pigment
  • oxidase positive, lactose negative
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3
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors

A
  • adhesion (fimbrial and non)
  • LPS
  • Exotoxins
  • Biofilm
  • Caspule
  • Iron acquisition
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4
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa treatment

A
  • remove cause of infection
  • antibiotics
  • phage therapy
  • most animals die
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5
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cats and dogs

A
  • skin infections: pyoderma
  • cystitis
  • otitis externa
  • purulent processes
  • eye infections
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6
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in hamsters, guinea pigs, chinchillas, and minks

A
  • pneumonia
  • septicemia
  • high mortality
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7
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in rabbits

A
  • skin infections (moist dermatitis)

- pneumonia

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8
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in horses

A
  • metritis-vaginitis
  • keratitis conjunctivitis
  • both secondary infections following antimicrobial treatments
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9
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mastitis

A
  • bovines, sheet, goats
  • acute with high mortality
  • origin from environment, teat injector, or teat cleaning towel
  • persistence in udder even after treatment
  • antibiotic resistance
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10
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in reptiles

A
  • necrotic stomatitis
  • pneumonia
  • septicemia
  • secondary to poor housing
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11
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in Psittaciformes

A
  • secondary infection
  • symptoms vary: conjunctivits, rhinitis, pneumonia, airsacculitis, enteritis
  • origin from drinking water
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12
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Galliformes

A
  • origin from drinking water
  • in oviduct of turkeys
  • contamination of eggs
  • neonatal mortality
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13
Q

Burkholderia general features

A
  • gram negative
  • aerobic
  • rods
  • catalase positive
  • environmental
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14
Q

Burkholderia mallei general features

A
  • Glanders
  • BSL3 agent, zoonotic
  • primarily equine pathogen
  • must be declared when diagnosed
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15
Q

B. mallei symptoms

A
  • nodules and ulcers in the respiratory tract or on the skin
  • orchitis
  • Acute: fever, nasal discharge, lymphadenitis, freq fatal
  • Chronic: fever and respiratory problems, skin abscesses
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16
Q

B. mallei virulence factors

A
  • capsule

- LPS

17
Q

B. mallei transmission

A
  • ingestion: feed, water
  • inhalation
  • wounds
  • spread via lymphatics and blood
18
Q

B. mallei diagnosis

A
  • isolation and identification
  • serology: cross reactions (false pos), CFT, ELISA, HAI
  • Intradermo test (mallein test)
19
Q

B. mallei prevention and treatment

A

prevent: no vaccination, screening and culling, bedding and feed disinfected, avoid contact with endemic areas
Treat: outbreak should be reported, cull positive animals

20
Q

B. psuedomallei general features

A
  • Melioidosis: pyogranulatomous infections, reportable
  • saprophyte
  • in water rich environments
  • endosymbiont of environmental amoeba
  • wide host range
21
Q

B. pseudomallei transmission

A
  • ingestion
  • wound infection
  • airborne
  • arthropod bites
22
Q

B. pseudomallei virulence factors

A
  • adhesions (flagella)
  • capsule
  • T3SS and T4SS
23
Q

B. pseudomallei infection in dogs

A
  • febrile diseases with localizing suppurative foci

- important in military dogs in Vietnam

24
Q

B. pseudomallei infections in horses

A

mimics Glanders: pseudoglanders

25
Q

B. pseudomallei infections in cattle, sheep, goats, and swine

A

Cattle: acute to chronic, lungs, joints, and uterus
Sheep: arthritis and lympahdenitis
Goats: loss of condition, respiratory and CNS disturbances, arthritis, mastitis
Swine: same as goats, but also abortion and diarrhea

26
Q

B. pseudomallei diagnosis

A
  • sample purulent content
  • cultivation with blood agar or McConkey
  • serology: CFT, ELISA, HAI, intradermo test (mallein)
  • PCR
27
Q

B. pseudomallei therapy

A
  • outbreak should be reported
  • drainage of abscesses
  • antimicrobials
28
Q

B. mallei and B. pseudomallei differentiation

A
  • pseudo grows faster
  • pseudo oxidizes lactose
  • pseudo can grow at 42C
  • pseudo is motile

Bacteriolgy (17 decks)

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