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Bacteriolgy > Francisella, Taylorella, Brucella, Bordetella (Ex2) > Flashcards

Francisella, Taylorella, Brucella, Bordetella (Ex2) Flashcards

1
Q

Francisella general features

A
  • gram negative
  • pleomorphic, small
  • non-motile
  • obligate aerobic
  • facultative intracellular
  • fastidious growth
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2
Q

Francisella tularensis general features

A
  • reportable
  • highly contagious
  • wide range of hosts
  • reservoir: lagomorphs, rodents, amoeba
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3
Q

F. tularensis transmission

A
  • ticks, mosquitoes, flies
  • contaminated water
  • ingestion of infected prey
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4
Q

F. tularensis virulence factors

A
  • capsule (anti-complement)
  • endotoxin (LPS)
  • factor that promote intracellular survival in phagocytes
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5
Q

F. tularensis symptoms in humans

depending on mode of transmission

A
  • ulceroglandular: ulcerated cutaneous lesion with lymphadenopathy
  • glandular: lymphadenopathy
  • oculoglandular: conjunctivitis
  • oro-pharyngeal: pharyngitis and/or gastroenteritis
  • Typhoid: systemic disease
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6
Q

F. tularensis diagnosis

A
  • culture
  • serology: agglutination, ELISA
  • PCR
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7
Q

F. tularensis treatment and control

A
  • antimicrobials
  • elimination from contaminated waters
  • tick control
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8
Q

Taylorella equigenitalis general features

A
  • gram negative
  • non-motile
  • coccobacillus
  • facultative anaerobic
  • obligate symbiotic
  • obligate pathogenic
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9
Q

Contagious Equine Metritis

A
  • T. equigenitalis in mares
  • acute suppurative
  • temporary sterility
  • highly contagious
  • become asymptomatic carriers
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10
Q

Diagnosis of T. equigenitalis

A
  • sampling: preputium, urethra, fossa glandis, sinus urethralis (stallion), fossa clitoridis and sinus clitoridis (mares)
  • culture (specific selective agar)
  • PCR, biochemical testing
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11
Q

T. equigenitalis treatment and prevention

A
  • antibiotics
  • elimination of positive animals from breeding
  • vaccination (bacterins)
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12
Q

Brucella general features

A
  • gram negative
  • non-motile
  • coccobacilli
  • obligate symbiotic, resistant
  • obligate pathogen
  • facultative intracellular
  • reportable
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13
Q

Brucella abortus pathogenesis

A
  • infection entry: mucosa, oral, wounds
  • spreads to regional lymphatics intracellularly
  • targets reproductive organs, tendon sheath, synovial bursa
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14
Q

Brucella abortus in uterus+fetus and udder

A

Uterus+Fetus: placentoma and mulitplication, excretion and spread, abortion, premature death, carrier calf born
Udder: subclinical mastitis, excretions and spread

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15
Q

Brucella abortus symptoms

A
  • intermittent fever

- weakness, malaise, headache, joint and muscle pain, enlarge lymph nodes, enlarge liver and spleen, and osteomyelitis

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16
Q

Brucella abortus virulence factors

A
  • no capsule
  • no flagella
  • cell wall: smooth colonies with increase virulence, rough colonies with lower virulence, thicker peptidoglycan layer, erythritol
17
Q

Brucella abortus diagnosis

A
  • slow agglutination test
  • Rose Bengal test (slide agglutination)
  • CFT, ELISA
  • skin test
  • bacteriology
18
Q

Brucella suis general features

A
  • small, non-motile, coccobacilli
  • gram negative
  • obligate symbiotic
  • obligate pathogenic
  • resistant in environment
  • reportable disease
19
Q

Brucella suis biovars

A

1 and 2: reservoir in hares, 1 of 3 most pathogenic for pigs

3: in pigs, 1 of 3 most pathogenic for pigs
4: mainly in reindeer, caribou, less pathogenic for pigs
5: brucellosis in mice

20
Q

Brucella suis symptoms

A
  • repro: abortion, orchitis, infertility
  • arthritis, tendovaginitis, bursitis, osteomyelitis
  • acute: intermittent fever, sweating, chills, malaise, weakness, joint pain
  • chronic: localization, necrosis and pus
21
Q

Brucella suis pathogenesis

A
  • entry via skin and mucosa
  • multiplication in regional lymph nodes
  • bacteremia after 1-7 weeks
  • localization with abscess formation
22
Q

Brucella canis general features

A
  • need rich media for growth
  • no O antigens
  • obligate parasitic
  • obligate pathogenic
  • resistant in environment in organic material
  • zoonotic
23
Q

Brucella canis symptoms

A
  • long bacteremia, no fever
  • lymphadenitis
  • late abortion
  • vaginal discharge
  • epididymitis
  • scrotum dermatitis
  • atrophia testicularis
  • prostatitis
  • STD
24
Q

Bordetella general features

A
  • gram negative
  • small coccobacillus
  • slow growth
  • obligate symbiotic
  • facultative pathogenic
25
Q

Bordetella bronchiseptica general features

A
  • aerobic
  • in upper respiratory tract
  • mainly pathogenic in dogs, pigs, rabbits, and guinea pigs, less in cats and horses, seldom in ruminants
26
Q

Bordetella bronchiseptica virulence factors

A
  • adhesions: filamentous hemagglutination, pertactin, fimbriae
  • biofilms
  • toxins: hemolysin, dermonecrotic, osteo, tracheal, LPS, siderophore, TBP, lactoferrin
  • Bvg regulation
27
Q

Decribe the toxins in Bordetella bronchiseptica

A
  • Hemolysin: inhibition of neutrophil function, pore forming
  • Dermonecrotic toxin: skin necrosis, damages nasal tissue and osteoblasts
  • Osteo toxin: toxic for osteoblasts
  • Tracheal cytotoxin: destruction of ciliated respiratory epithelium
28
Q

Non-progressive Atrophic Rhinitis

A
  • Bordetella bronchiseptica in pigs
  • damage of nasal mucosa
  • production of mucus
  • dermonecrotic toxin increase
29
Q

Pneumonic bordetellosis

A
  • Bordetella in pigs
  • primary infection: 1 week
  • coughing and dyspnea, no fever, high morbidity
  • lesions in lungs: pneumonia, purulent bronchiolitis and alveolitis
30
Q

Progressive Atrophic Rhinitis

A
  • infection with Pasteurella multocida after Bordetella
  • colonization of nose
  • osteoclast activation
  • sniffling, sneezing, tears, blood
  • anatomical deviation of the nose
  • TP: difficult, hygiene, antibacterial, vaccination
  • D: cultivation, blood agar plates, serology, PCR
31
Q

Canine Infectious Tracheobronchilitis

A
  • Bordetella: Kennel Cough
  • adhesion to cilitated epithelium: multiplication, damage, NH3 production, inflammation, secondary infections
  • S: dry cough, nose, eye, general symptoms
  • D: isolation, BAL
  • T: self limiting disease, rest, hygiene, antibiotics
  • vaccination
32
Q

Bordetella avium

A
  • turkeys: Coryza
  • rhinotracheitis, respiratory problems
  • transfer via floor bedding, drinking water
  • S: high morbidity, low mortality, decreased growth, nose discharge, sneezing, head shaking
  • T: hygiene, vaccination, antibiotics have little effect
33
Q

Bordetella in Rabbits

A
  • nearly all are carriers
  • S: nasal discharge, sneezing, congestion, conjunctivitis, tears
  • ear infections, blindness, abscesses

Bacteriolgy (17 decks)

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