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Bacteriolgy > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Staphylococcus spp.

  • morphology
  • habitat
  • general effects
A
  • large, aerobic, catalase positive, Gram-positive cocci
  • seen in clusters
  • commensals of skin and exposed mucosa
  • pus formation, abscess formation, and local necrosis
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2
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

- infections caused

A
  • pus and local necrosis
  • skin and wound infections
  • mastitis in cattle
  • speticemia, osteomyelitis, breast blisters, and “bumble foot” in poultry
  • toxic shock
  • foodborne, nosocomial
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3
Q

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

  • host
  • effect
A
  • opportunistic pathogen of dogs
  • most common isolate of dogs
  • canine pyoderma
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4
Q

Staphylococcus hyicus

- what does it cause

A
  • greasy pig disease
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5
Q

Streptococcus spp.

  • morphology
  • habitat
A
  • aerobic, Gram positive, catalase negative cocci
  • seen in chains
  • commensals of mucous membranes
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6
Q

Streptococcus equi

  • disease caused
  • effects
A
  • strangles in horses
  • abscess in regional lymph nodes
  • upper respiratory tract infection
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7
Q

Streptococcus agalactiae

  • disease caused
  • habitat
A
  • mastitis in cows

- obligate parasite of mammary glands of cows

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8
Q

Streptococcus equi
subspecies zooepidemicus
- what does it cause?

A
  • the opportunist pathogen of horses and other species
  • purulent infection in horses
  • foal septicemia
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9
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes

- disease caused

A
  • Scarlet fever in humans
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10
Q

Streptococcus canis

  • host
  • transmission
A
  • kittens and puppies

- infection from vagina or umbilical vein

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11
Q

Streptococcus porcinus

- what does it cause?

A

jowl abscess in pigs

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12
Q

Streptococcus iniae

- what does it cause?

A
  • acute fulminating septicemia in fish
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13
Q

Streptococcus pneumonia

- what does it cause?

A
  • pneumonia, septicemia, and meningitis in humans

- pneumonia in guinea pigs and rodents

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14
Q

Enterococci spp.

  • habitat
  • features
A
  • normal intestinal flora
  • low grade pathogens, true opportunists
  • nosocomial
  • vancomycin resistance
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15
Q

Listeria spp.

  • morphology
  • transmission
A
  • small, Gram positive, aerobic coccobacilli (rods)
  • grow at wide range of temps
  • shed in feces and milk
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16
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

  • transmission
  • what does it cause?
A
  • winter/spring disease of ruminants
  • outbreaks after feeding poor quality silage
  • ingestion or inhalation
  • localize in brain stem, intestinal wall, and placenta
  • encephalitis in ruminants, circling disease
  • septicemia in monogastrics
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17
Q

Erysipelothrix spp.

  • morphology
  • habitat
A
  • aerobic, small, Gram positive rods

- in tonsils and intestines

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18
Q

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

  • hosts
  • what does it cause?
A
  • most common in pigs and birds
  • diamond skin disease
  • septicemia and skin lesions
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19
Q

Bacillus spp.

- morphology

A
  • large, aerobic, Gram positive rods

- endospore forming

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20
Q

Bacillus anthracis

  • histo appearance
  • toxin
  • diagnosis
  • disease caused
A
  • capsule that stains pink, made of polymers of D glutamic acid
  • anthrax toxin with 3 proteins: edema factor, lethal factor, protective antigen
  • do not conduct necropsy
  • woolsorters in humans
21
Q

Cornyebacterium spp.

- morphology

A
  • Gram positive, aerobic, pleomorphic rods

- contain mycolic acid in cell wall

22
Q

Cornyebacterium diphtheria

- what does it cause?

A
  • cause of human childhood disease

- diphtheria toxin carried in bacteriophage

23
Q

Cornyebacterium pseudotuberculosis

  • what does it cause?
  • signs
A
  • caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and goats
  • lung and local lymph nodes
  • weight loss
  • Pigeon fever in horses
24
Q

Cornyebacterium renale

- what does it cause?

A
  • contagious bovine pyelonephritis
  • disease of adult cows
  • trauma to bladder and urethra during parturition
25
Q

Cornyebacterium kutscheri

  • what does it cause?
  • signs
A
  • pseudotuberculosis
  • suppurative pneumonia in lungs
  • arthritic lesions of pedal extremities
  • lymphoid hyperplasia
26
Q

Cornyebacterium bovis

- what does it cause?

A

Dermatitis, hyperkeratosis in mice

27
Q

Rhodococcus equi

  • morphology
  • main cause of what?
A
  • mycolic acid in cell wall

- main cause of foal pneumonia

28
Q

Nocarida spp.

  • morphology
  • habitat
A
  • Pleomorphic, Gram positive, non motile, aerobic, non-spore forming
  • in soil and water
  • not usually pathogenic for immunocompetent individuals
29
Q

Nocarida asteroides

- hosts

A
  • most common isolate in dogs and cats
30
Q

Actinomyces spp.

  • morphology
  • habitat
  • what does it cause?
A
  • branching filaments
  • slow growth, molar tooth like
  • mouth flora
  • chronic infections with mouth and bite injury
31
Q

Actinomyces bovis

  • what does it cause?
  • signs
A
  • lumpy jaw

- bone infections, facial distortion, loose teeth

32
Q

Actinobaculum suis

  • habitat
  • transmission
  • what does it cause?
A
  • anaerobic
  • commensal of prepuce of boars
  • sexually transmitted
  • death from renal failure
33
Q

Dermatophilus congolensis

  • morphology
  • histo appearance
  • pathogenesis
A
  • aerobic, Gram positive
  • filamentous, branching
  • tram-track appearance
  • motile zoospores attracted to damaged skin
34
Q

Trueperella pyogenes

  • morphology
  • host
  • what does it cause?
A
  • pleomorphic, aerobic
  • opportunistic pathogen of cattle
  • suppurative infections in cattle and swine
  • causes bacteremia
35
Q

Clostridium spp.

  • habitat
  • features
A
  • in environment and large bowel
  • powerful toxin producer
  • rapid multiplication
36
Q

Which Clostridium spp are neurotoxic?

A

C. botulinum
C. tetani
C. perfringens

37
Q

Which Clostridium spp are histotoxic?

A

C. chauvaei
C. septicum
C. novyi
C. perfringens

38
Q

Which Clostridium spp are enterotoxic?

A

C. perfringens

C. difficile

39
Q

Clostridium tetani

  • habitat
  • what does it cause?
A
  • in soil and feces
  • grows in contaminated wounds
  • spastic paralysis
  • horse most susceptible
40
Q

Clostridium botulinum

  • pathogenesis
  • what does it cause?
A
  • food intoxication
  • toxin absorbed into blood
  • inhibits neurotransmitter release
  • causes flaccid paralysis
41
Q

Clostridium chauvaei

- what does it cause?

A
  • agent of black leg

- necrotizing myositis in healthy young calves

42
Q

Clostridium novyi

- 3 types, exo or endo, what they cause

A

Type A: exo, big head in rams, gasa gangrene
Type B: endo, black disease
Type C: endo, liver damage and bacillary hemoglobinuria

43
Q

Clostridum septicum

- what does it cause?

A
  • malignant edema
  • through wounds or dormant spores in muscle
  • Braxy in sheep
44
Q

Clostridium perfringens

  • what does it cause?
  • two types and what they cause
A
  • alpha toxin causes necrotizing hemorrhagic enteritis and enterotoxemia
  • Type C causes necrotizing enteritis in piglets
  • Type D causes enterotoxemia, pulpy kidney disease, overeating disease
45
Q

Clostridium difficile

  • target organs
  • what does it cause?
A
  • affects colon and cecum
  • neonates are resistant
  • disease results from disruption of normal flora (dysbiosis)
  • fatal colitis
46
Q

Clostridium spiroforme

- what does it cause?

A
  • commensal bacteria which produces iota toxin

- enterotoxemia and diarrhea in rabbits

47
Q

Clostridium piliforme

  • what does it cause?
  • staining
A
  • Tyzzer’s disease in lab animals
  • fatal diarrheal disease with focal lover necrosis
  • gram negative
48
Q

Fusobacterium necrophorum

  • morphology
  • hosts
  • what does it cause?
A
  • anaerobic gram negative, non spore forming
  • important in ruminants and swine
  • liver abscess and foot rot

Bacteriolgy (17 decks)

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