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Certified Revision > Rhône > Flashcards

Rhône Flashcards

1
Q

List the Northern Rhône AOPs from N to S (8)
Which appellations are on the eastern bank of the river?

A

Côte Rôtie
Condrieu
Chateau-Grillet
Saint Joseph
Crozes-Hermitage (E)
Hermitage (E)
Cornas
St. Peray

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2
Q

What two cities bookmark the Norther Rhône?

A

Vienne to the North
Valence to the South

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3
Q

What important towns form the triangle of the Southern Rhône?

A

Montélimar (N)
Nimes (SW) & Avignon (SE)

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4
Q

You can break up the Southern Rhône into six slivers on the clock due to tributaries of the Rhône river. What are the AOPs in each sliver? (13) What are the overarching AOPs? (2)

A

-Cotes-du-Rhone, Cotes-du-Rhone Villages
Clockwise from 12:
-Grignans-Les-Adhémar, Vinsobres
-Cairanne, Rasteau, Chateauneuf-du-Pape
-Gigondas, Vacqueras, Beaumes-de-Venices, Ventoux, Luberon
-Costières-de-Nimes
-Tavel, Lirac,

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5
Q

What are the big 4 varieties of the Norther Rhône?

A

Syrah, Viognier, Marsanne, Rousanne

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6
Q

Which neighboring wine region does N Rhône most resemble in climate & terroir?

A

Beaujolais!

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7
Q

Is the N Rhône flat? How is its topography reflected in the vineyards?

A

No! Terrace vines on steep slopes

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8
Q

What is the climate of the N Rhône like?

A

Continental with mediterranean influence.
Cold dry winters, warm dry summers.
Mistral wind blows excessively
More rain than S Rhône but low overall humidity

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9
Q

What grapes do best with the harsh Mistral in N Rhône?
How is trellising unique to accommodate the wind?

A

Thick skinned grapes do best
Vignerons train vines in unique teepee shape for protection

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10
Q

What are the soils of N Rhône?

A

Grantie, schist, clay, arzelle (decomposed mica)

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11
Q

What is the signature soil in N Rhône and where exactly is it?

A

Arzelle, decomposed mica, in Condrieu

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12
Q

Briefly recount the wine history of N Rhône.

A

100 BCE: Romans planted first vines in N Rhône
12th C: Crusader Gaspard de Stérimberg retires to what will become the small hillside AOP of Hermitage to repent the rest his days
18th & 19th C: trade opens on the Rhône, which leads to rise of popularity of Hermitage wines in British markets

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13
Q

What winemaking trends are popular with N Rhône whites?

A

oak aging, lees stirring, and malolactic fermentation to add richness and texture to floral, fruity whites

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14
Q

How does Syrah expresss itself in N Rhône?

A

Gains deep concentration
Usually aged in large oak foudres
Can be cofermented w/white grapes for aromatic lift & color stabilization

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15
Q

What rules govern Côte Rôtie AOP?

A

Reds only from Syrah
up to 20% cofermented viognier allowed.

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16
Q

What rules govern Condrieu? What other N Rhône AOP shares the same rules?

A

white wine only from 100% viognier
chateau grillet is same deal

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17
Q

What rules govern Cornas?

A

reds only from 100% Syrah

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18
Q

What rules govern St. Joseph?

A

whites from marsanne & rousanne. Reds from syrah with up to 10% cofermented marsanne & roussane.

19
Q

What rules govern Crozes Hermitage? How do Hermitage rules differ?

A

whites from marsanne & rousanne. Reds from syrah with up to 15% cofermented marsanne & roussane.

Hermitage also makes a vin de paille, a sweet white from dried grapes.

20
Q

What are the no-mans land appellations of the Rhone?

A

The Coteaux-des-dioises.

Coteau de Die & Crémant de Die make traditional clairette bubbles

Clairette de die makes a traditional & ancestral sparklers from clairette.

21
Q

What are the famous divisions of Côte Rôtie? What is a famous Côte Rôtie vineyard?

A

Côte de Brun, Côte de Blonde
La Landonne

22
Q

What are the 4 lieu-dits of Cornas?

A

Les Reynards, La Côte, Les Chaillots, Les Mazards

23
Q

What are the big 7 lieu-dits of Hermitage?

A

La Chapelle, L’Hermite, Le Méal, Beaume, Les Bessards, Gréffiuex, Péléat

24
Q

Where is the village of Ampuis located?

A

In Côte Rôtie

25
Q

What are the major & minor red grapes of the Southern Rhône?

A

Major: Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre, Cinsault, Carignan
Minor: Muscardin, Vaccarèse, Counoise, Terets Noir, Picpoul Noir

26
Q

What are the major & minor white grapes of the Southern Rhône?

A

Major: Grenache blanc, marsanne, roussane, viognier, clariette, bourboulanc
Minor: piquepoul, ugni blanc

27
Q

Describe the Southern Rhône terroir?

A

Dominated by scrubland
Cut through by ancient river beds created by glaciers

28
Q

What is the climate of the Southern Rhône?

A

True mediterranean
Abundant sunshine
Mild winters
Heavy rainfall

29
Q

What are the affects of the mistral & abundant sunshine in the Southern Rhône?

A

Grapes develop thick skins and are trellised to the ground.
Wind dries grapes so disease pressure is low.

30
Q

What are the soils of the Southern Rhône? What’s its signature soil?

A

Limestone patchwork with fans of clay, alluvial, gravel, & sand.
Galets are the signature soil - large flat rocks left by glacial melt that retain and radiate heat to the vines.

31
Q

Briefly recount the history of wine in the Southern Rhône

A

125 BCE: Romans planted first southern rhône vines
1309: Pope Clement V moves to Avignon to plant vines
1785: Chateau La Nerthe releases first estate bottled CDP
1863: Southern Rhône becomes epicenter of phylloxera
1936: CDP becomes first AOC

32
Q

How do reds express themselves in the Southern Rhône?

A

Tend to age in large neutral barrels, or very little new & used
Tend toward medium acidity, high alcohol, with sometimes dusty and ripe, sometimes raisiny character.
CDR wines runs the gamut but fruit is common & carbonic isn’t unheard of

33
Q

What rules govern CDR wines? How do they differ from CDR Villages?

A

can make red, rosé, and white from a dizzying array of grapes, but tend to be grenache dominant.

22 villages may append their name to CDRV, which is their stepping stone to AOP

34
Q

What rules govern CDP?

A

Red or white from 18 allowed varieties.
Highest minimum alcohol in France at 12.5%

35
Q

What rules govern Cairanne AOP?

A

Red & white only from approved varieties

36
Q

What rules govern Gigondas?

A

Red & rosé only.

37
Q

What rules govern Vacqueras? What other Southern Rhone AOP shares them?

A

Red, rosé, & white, just like Lirac

38
Q

Which Southern Rhône appellations are for red wine only?

A

Beaumes-de-Venices AOP, Vinsobres AOP

39
Q

Which Southern Rhône appellation is for rosé only?

A

Tavel

40
Q

What rules govern Rasteau AOP?

A

Dry reds
Sweet, fortified VDNs in all colors.

41
Q

What rules govern Muscat de Beames de Venices?

A

Sweet fortified VDN in all colors from Muscat blanc & rouge a petit grains.

42
Q

What are the 13 varieties of CDP?

A

Reds: Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre, Muscardin, Cinsault, Counoise, Terrets Noir, Vaccarèse

Whites: Bourboulanc, Clairette, Picpoul, Picardin, Roussanne,

43
Q

Which Rhône AOP was first to contract phylloxera?

A

Lirac :c

44
Q
A

Certified Revision (26 decks)

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