Review: Surgery

Question 1

Halsted’s Principles:

Answer 1

Strict Aseptic Technique
Meticulous hemostasis
Preservation of blood supply
gentle tissue handling
minimal tissue tension
accurate tissue apposition
obliteration of dead space

Question 2

Strict aseptic technique includes:

Answer 2

Sterilization of Instruments
Preparation of Patient
Preparation of Surgeon
Creation of Sterile Surgical Field

Question 3

Causes of sx hemorrhage:

Answer 3

iatrogenic/technocal
genetic
acquired- trauma, hemodiluton, academia, hypothermia

Question 4

Delayed Hemorrhage:

Answer 4

Primarily due to incomplete tx of primary hemorrhage
Happens significantly post-op
Poor ligation, intra-op hypotension, dysphoric recovery

Question 5

How long do you hold direct pressure for platelet aggregation? for a fibrin clot?

Answer 5

30 seconds
2-3 min

Question 6

Fully saturated 4x4:

Answer 6

5mL

Question 7

Lap sponge, surface covered:

Answer 7

75mL

Question 8

Lap sponge, soaked and dripping:

Answer 8

100mL

Question 9

Fully soaked puppy pad:

Answer 9

500mL

Question 10

Formula for total blood volume:

Answer 10

90ml/kg

Question 11

How do you respond to 20% blood loss?

Answer 11

crystalloids

Question 12

how do you respond to 40% blood loss?

Answer 12

colloids

Question 13

What percentage of blood loss is fatal?

Answer 13

50%

Question 14

In dogs, you need to make the inision more _________ when compared to cats for OHE

Answer 14

Cranial

Question 15

Holding layer of the body wall:

Answer 15

Linea alba/external rectus fascia

Question 16

Rough guidelines for body wall closure suture

Answer 16

<10lbs: 3-0 PDS
10-40/50lbs: 2-0 PDS
50+lbs: 0 PDS

Question 17

When does Vicryl lose 50% of tensile strength?

Answer 17

14 days

Question 18

When does Monocryl lose 50% of tensile strength?

Answer 18

7 days
completely gone by 21d

Question 19

When does PDS lose 50% of tensile strength?

Answer 19

Technically 42%
4 weeks

Question 20

When does Silk lose 50% of tensile strength?

Answer 20

1 yr

Question 21

Methods of tension relief:

Answer 21

Positional
Undermining
Tension relieving sutures
Simple flaps
Axial pattern flaps

Question 22

Difference between canine & feline surgical tx for mammary neoplasia

Answer 22

You better be doing at least a unilateral radical chain mastectomy on a cat. if not the surgery barely does anything to extend survival time