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Next Gen Final Exam > Review: Breeding Management > Flashcards

Review: Breeding Management Flashcards

1
Q

Rectal palp findings for a mare in diestrus:

A

Uterine tone- firm
Cervical tone- firm
Ovarian structures- varied (cannot detect CL)

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2
Q

Rectal palp findings for a mare in estrus:

A

Uterine tone- moderate
Cervical tone- relaxed/soft
Ovary- follicles, one will be larger near the end of estrus

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3
Q

Cervical appearance on speculum exam during various parts of a mares estrous cycle:

A

Central & toned- diestrus
Relaxed & on the floor- estrus
Squeezed like a fist in the center- pregnant

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4
Q

What can a uterine biopsy check for?

A

Uterine inflammation

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5
Q

Diestral findings on exam in mare:

A

CL & Follicles
Firm uterus, slight to absent edema
Firm cervix

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6
Q

Estral findings on exam in the mare:

A

Follicles, witha dominant follicle
Moderate uterine tone, moderate to marked edema
soft cervical tone

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7
Q

Timing to maximize fertility with fresh/cool semen (mares):

A

1-2d prior to expected ovulation

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8
Q

Timing to maximize fertility with frozen semen (mares):

A

12 hrs prior to ovulation or 6 hrs post

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9
Q

Medication to induce ovulation in mares:

A

hCG
Deslorelin

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10
Q

Calving interval goal in dairy cattle:

A

13 mo

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11
Q

Methods of teaser males:

A

Harness (rams & bucks)
Vasectomized/Epididectomized
Penile Translocation (Gomer bull)

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12
Q

Heat detection rate:

A

Number of cows bred/number of cows eligible over 21 days

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13
Q

Conception Rate:

A

Number of cows that conceive/number bred at time of pregnancy check

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14
Q

Pregnancy Rate:

A

HDRxCR

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15
Q

AM-PM Rule:

A

For RUMINANTS
Estrus in AM, AI in PM
Estrus in PM, Ai in AM

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16
Q

Prostaglandin drug options:

A

Lutalyse (dinoprost)
Estrumate (clorprostenol)

17
Q

Prostaglandin use in cattle repro management:

A

Lyse the CL- “short cycle”
Use between days 5-17 of the cycle
Estrus 2-5 days after tx

Cow MUST be cycling

18
Q

Progestin drug options:

A

MGA feed additive
Injectable
CIDRs

19
Q

GnRH agonists use in cattle:

A

Administration AFTER dominant follicle selection:
Resets follicular wave- emergence of new wave in 1.5-2d

BEFORE selection:
No effect on current wave

20
Q

Timed AI synch program sutilize which 3 drugs?

A

GnRH, PGF, Progesterone

21
Q

Which timed-AI protocol is more commonly used in dairy? in beef?

A

D: Ov-Synch
B: Co-Synch

22
Q

OV-Synch protocol:

A

GnRH on D0
+/-CIDR for 7 days
PGF2a (&pull CIDR if used) on D7
GnRH 36-48 hr later
Bred 8-18 hr later

23
Q

CO- Synch protocol:

A

GnRH on D0
+/-CIDR for 7 days
PGF2a (&pull CIDR if used) on D7
GnTH AND Timed AI 54-66 hr later

24
Q

Select-Synch Protocol:

A

GnRH on D0
+/-CIDR for 7 days
PGF2a (&pull CIDR if used) on D7
Heat detect & AI D6-13

25
Q

Canine progesterone signals for LH peak? for Ovulation?

A

2 ng/ml: LH Peak
5ng/ML: Ovulation

26
Q

When does ovulation occur in regards to LH peak?

A

24-48 hours post LH peak

27
Q

When does peak fertility occur in regards to ovulation? bitch

A

3-4 days post ovulation

28
Q

When does fertilization occur in regards to ovulation? (bitch)

A

3-6 days post ovulation

29
Q

Vaginal cytology during proestrus:

A

Cornflake epithelial, RBCs, Variable WBCs, Debris

30
Q

Vaginal cytology during estrus:

A

> 90% superficial epithelial cells (Cornflakes)
No WBCs
Few RBCs
Little-No debris

31
Q

Diestral Shift:

A

The abrupt change in vaginal cytology from cornified epithelium to parabasalar cells.
Also see influx of neutrophils
Most accurate due date is 57.5 days post diestral shift

32
Q

What is a pathologic condition that may appear cytologically like the diestral shift?

A

Pyometra

33
Q

What is vaginal cytology used for clinically (in bitches)?

A

Influence of estrogen
Presence of inflammation
Accurate due date

34
Q

Ways to measure scrotal size:

A

Scrotal circumference (pendulous- ruminants)
Caliper measurements (boars&stallions)

35
Q

Components of Sperm evaluation:

A

Gross appearance
Volume/Sperm Conc. (If AV)
Motility & Morphology

36
Q

Two types of motility evaluated:

A

Mass & Progressive

37
Q

How is sperm viability assessed?

A

Vital stain- eosin-nigrosin
Dead sperm cells uptake stain

38
Q

Preferred method of sperm morphology classification in ruminants:

A

Normal
Tail/Midpiece/Head defect

39
Q

Compensable defects:

A

Ones that actually affect sperm motility- this means that a majority of the sperm REACHING the egg is capable of fertilizing it.
Most midpiece and tail abnormalities are compensable
Compensable defects can be corrected by increasing sperm quantity if AI

Next Gen Final Exam (16 decks)

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