Review Sheet 1

Question 1

what is the smallest unit of life

Answer 1

cell

Question 2

what are the 4 most common molecules in humans

Answer 2

carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen

Question 3

Bulk transfer process in which the plasma membrane extends as pseudopods around a particle of organic matter

Answer 3

Phagocytosis

Question 4

which organelle has its own DNA

Answer 4

mitochondria

Question 5

Function of ER

Answer 5

helps make and distribute proteins

Question 6

Function of golgi

Answer 6

prepares and packages enzymes

Question 7

What categories are cells classified into

Answer 7

nervous, muscle, epithelial and connective

Question 8

What is an anticodon

Answer 8

three-nucleotide series on tRNA that is complementary to the mRNA to which it binds

Question 9

Intake of specific molecule from the extracellular compartment

Answer 9

receptor mediated endocytosis

Question 10

process by which cells secrete cellular products into the extracellular environment

Answer 10

exocytosis

Question 11

What characteristic of phospholipids allows them to form the double layer membrane

Answer 11

they are amphipathic

Question 12

how many amino acids are known

Answer 12

20

Question 13

decodes mRNA

Answer 13

tRNA

Question 14

structural RNA within the ribosomes

Answer 14

rRNA

Question 15

makes template of RNA to take to ribosome

Answer 15

mRNA

Question 16

How is a molecule moved in facilitated diffusion

Answer 16

down concentration gradient with the assistance of a protein carrier (no energy)

Question 17

Proteins partially embedded on one side of membrane

Answer 17

peripheral

Question 18

Differences in AA

Answer 18

R groups

Question 19

growth due to an increase in cell number

Answer 19

hyperplasia

Question 20

Growth due to an increase in cell size

Answer 20

hypertrophy

Question 21

Blood, Bones,Fat

Answer 21

connective tissue

Question 22

How are phospholipids arranged in membrane

Answer 22

hydrophobic tails facing inward toward each other

Question 23

Glucose and fructose together

Answer 23

disaccharide

Question 24

What kind of molecule is glucose

Answer 24

monosaccharide

Question 25

Molecules infuse though membrane to signal cells and innervate

Answer 25

paracrine signaling

Question 26

cells signaled via hormones secreted into the blood

Answer 26

endocrine signaling

Question 27

moves chromosomes in mitosis

Answer 27

spindle fibers

Question 28

Na/K pump transports ___ into the cell and ___ out of the cell per cycle

Answer 28

2K+, 3Na+

Question 29

detoxifying organelles

Answer 29

lysosomes

Question 30

causes lipids to accumulate in the brain

Answer 30

Tay-Sach’s

Question 31

build up of lipids in spleen, liver or bone

Answer 31

Gauchers

Question 32

chromosomes align along the midline

Answer 32

metaphase

Question 33

Makeup of an AA

Answer 33

carbonyl group, amine group, R group

Question 34

tissue that conducts signals via electrical impulses

Answer 34

nervous tissue

Question 35

Voluntary and striated

Answer 35

Skeletal and muscle

Question 36

Striated and involuntary

Answer 36

cardiac

Question 37

complementary to the triplet coding for a particular AA

Answer 37

anticodon

Question 38

hydrolysis of triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol

Answer 38

lipolysis

Question 39

negatively charged subatomic particles

Answer 39

electrons

Question 40

how much of the extracellular fluid comes from blood plasma

Answer 40

20%

Question 41

Releases energy by breaking down large molecules

Answer 41

catabolic reactions

Question 42

metabolic reaction that uses energy

Answer 42

anabolism

Question 43

passive transport of water

Answer 43

osmosis

Question 44

diffusion increases as the concentration gradient increases

Answer 44

TRUE

Question 45

Reaction that releases energy

Answer 45

exergonic

Question 46

Bond found in sodium chloride

Answer 46

ionic

Question 47

Tissue that covers and lines the body

Answer 47

epithelial

Question 48

Smooth and skeletal tissues

Answer 48

muscle