Retrieval failure due to absence of cues

Question 1

Retrieval failure

Answer 1

states that we forget things because we do not have the cues available to successfully recall them. A cue is something that triggers the recall of information.

Question 2

encoding specificity principle

Answer 2

states that recall of something is dependent on the availability of the cues that were present when the information was originally learnt (or encoded).

Question 3

context dependent forgetting

Answer 3

relates to the idea that we are less likely to remember something if the situation in which we recalled it is different to the one in which the information was originally learnt.

Question 4

state dependent forgetting

Answer 4

relates to the idea that recall of information is dependent on the re-enactment of the original physiological state in which the information was originally learnt.

Question 5

Evaluation strength: Godden & Baddeley

Answer 5

found participants recalled more words when they learnt and recalled them in the same setting (either on land or under water)

Question 6

Evaluation strength: real life application

Answer 6

it can explain situations where we go out of a room and forget something but then recall the information when we re-enter the room.

Question 7

Evaluation weakness: Godden & Baddeley’s study

Answer 7

it is less reflective of real life and normally the two contexts are not as extreme as on land or under water.

Question 8

Evaluation weakness: difficult to falsify

Answer 8

it assumes that in studies where recall was not effective, the cues were not successfully encoded.