Respiratory System

Question 1

Name the components of both the upper respiratory system and then the components to the lower respiratory system.

Answer 1

Upper respiratory system - nose, nasal cavity, pharynx

Lower respiratory system - larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, lungs

Question 2

What is the major tissue type of resp. system?

Answer 2

It is composed all of pseudostratified ciliated epithelial tissue as well as connective tissue. the connective tissue layer is the lamina propria.

Question 3

What is the scientific name for human nostrils?

Answer 3

nares

Question 4

What are the functions of the nasal cavity? what bones make up the posterior section?

Answer 4

airway passage, olfaction, and speech (resonance chamber).

Vomer, maxillae, ethmoid, palatine

Question 5

Name and describe the three areas of the nasal cavity.

Answer 5

The most anterior part is called the vestibule and is skin lined with coarse hairs.
the posterior section is named the respiratory area and is lined with mucosa, the nasal concha protrudes from walls, the superior and middle are ethmoid while the inferior is a different bone. Inferior to each concha is the nasal meatus which causes air turbulence.
And thirdly, the olfactory area is responsible for our sense of smell and it is on the roof of the cavity.

Question 6

What are the 8 air-filled spaces in the skull called? Hint: their function is to warm and moisten the air, as well as lighten the skull.

Answer 6

Paranasal Sinuses

Question 7

List the 3 regions of the pharynx and describe their compositions.

Answer 7

Nasopharynx - posterior to the nasal cavity and include the pharyngeal tonsils, 2 posterior nasal apertures, and 2 pharyngotympanic tubes.
Oropharynx - posterior to the oral cavity, passage for air and food, and is composed of stratified squamous epithelium. From the soft palate to the hard palate and contains the palatine tonsils and the lingual tonsils.
Laryngopharynx - air and food passage, composed of stratified squamous epithelium, and is from the epiglottis to the lower opening of the larynx.

Question 8

Which tissue is considered to be the voice box?

Answer 8

Larynx

Question 9

List the 9 cartilages of the larynx

Answer 9

1. Thyroid cartilage
2. cricoid cartilage
3. epiglottis
4. Arytenoid
5. Arytenoid
6. dont need to know
7. dont need to know
8. dont need to know
9. dont need to know

Question 10

which fold in the larynx mucosa is considered to be the true vocal cords and which are considered to be the false vocal cords?

Answer 10

Vocal folds are the real vocal cords while the vestibular folds are the false vocal cords. the vocal folds sit inferior to the vestibular folds. the glottis is also apart of the true vocal cords as it covers the trachea during ingestion.

Question 11

What respiratory organ is described? Consisting of 20 c-shaped cartilages that are anterior to the esophagus and that permit expansion of the esophagus.

Answer 11

Trachea

Question 12

Name the three cell types of cells that make up the walls of the alveolus.

Answer 12

• type 1 alveolar cells - simple squamous gas diffusion
• type 2 alveolar cells - simple cudboidal secrete surfactant
• macrophages

Question 13

Name the two routes of blood supply to lungs.

Answer 13

• pulmonary circulation - blood to be oxygenated

- bronchial circulation - blood to nourish lung tissue

Question 14

Name the route for air in the lungs.

Answer 14

• nasal cavity - terminal bronchioles - respiratory bronchioles - alveolar ducts - alveoli