Muscular System

Question 1

What are cells called when they are apart of the skeletal muscle system?

Answer 1

fibers

Question 2

What is a group of fibers referred to as?

Answer 2

Fascicle

Question 3

Name the three groupings of the fascia and where they are located.

Answer 3

1 - Epimysium: surrounds entire muscle
2 - Perimysium: surrounds fascicles
3 - Endomysium: surrounds each muscle fiber

Question 4

Describe the difference between a tendon and aponeuroses connective tissue.

Answer 4

A tendon is rope-like connective tissue that connects muscle to bone, for example, the Achilles tendon. An aponeurosis is a sheet-like connective tissue that also connects muscle to bone, ie. epicranial aponeurosis.

Question 5

Name the five components of a singular muscle fiber cell.

Answer 5

1 - sarcolemma 
2 - Sarcoplasm 
3 - Myofibrils 
4 - T tubules 
5 - Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 6

Describe the parts of a sarcomere.

Answer 6

1 - Thin Filaments: which contain actin (functions in contraction, tropomyosin, and troponin, the latter regulate contractions.
2 - Thick Filaments: which contain myosin (functions in contraction with actin in a pulling motion) which is then attached to z discs at the end of each sarcomere by titin
3 - A Band: the dark part of a sarcomere; containing both thick and thin filaments
4 - H zone: the lighter part of the sarcomere; contains only thick filaments
5 - I Band: lighter part as well; however only containing myosin
6 - Z Discs: center of each i band; connects sarcomeres
7 - M line: center of sarcomere; where thick filaments attach to one another

Question 7

Name the three actions of muscles.

Answer 7

1 - Agonist: major muscle producing the movement
2 - Synergist: helps the agonist and prevents undesirable actions
3 - Antagonist: produces the opposite motion of the agonist; contraction inhibited when contracted

Question 8

How is movement caused?

Answer 8

When the effort is greater than the resistance

Question 9

What are the four movements a muscle can make in anatomical position?

Answer 9

1 - Flex - decreasing the angle between two bones
2 - extensor - increase the angle between two bones
3 - abductors - move a limb away from the midline
4 - adductors - move limbs toward the midline

Question 10

How many origins does triceps brachii have?

Answer 10

three