Integumentary System

Question 1

What are the four aspects of the integumentary system?

Answer 1

1. Skin
2. Hair, Nails, Glands
3. Sensory Receptors
4. Muscles

Question 2

T or F: the epidermis is vascular

Answer 2

F

Question 3

How many stratums does thick skin have versus thin skin?

Answer 3

5 to 4

Question 4

Which stratum of the epidermis is composed of a single layer of cells and contains keratinocytes (90%) and melanocytes (10%)?

Answer 4

stratum basale

Question 5

Which stratum has limited cell division?

Answer 5

Stratum spinosum

Question 6

Which stratum contains dark-staining granules?

Answer 6

stratum granulosum

Question 7

Which stratum is only visible in thick skin and is composed of flat dead cells?

Answer 7

Stratum lucidum

Question 8

Which stratum is the most superficial stratum of skin and is composed of 20-30 layers of dead cells filled with keratin, and surrounded by waterproofing glycolipids?

Answer 8

Stratum Corneum

Question 9

What are the two layers of the dermis and what are they composed of?

Answer 9

1. Papillary layer
   - areolar connective tissue
   - vascular
   - projections into the epidermis = dermal papillae (forming dermal ridges in thick skin)
2. Reticular layer
   - most of the dermis
   - dense irregular connective tissue

Question 10

What are the main uses of the hypodermis layer?

Answer 10

• insulation

- protection against blunt forces

Question 11

Hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and arrector pili muscles are apparent in what type of skin?

Answer 11

Thin skin

Question 12

Name the epidermal derivatives.

Answer 12

Hair, nails, skin exocrine glands

Question 13

Distinguish between the epidermal portions of the hair and the dermal portions.

Answer 13

Epidermal portions:

• root
• shaft
• hair follicle (epithelial root sheath, bulb, hair matrix)

Dermal portions:

• dermal root sheath
• hair papilla

Question 14

What are the nails and what are they composed of?

Answer 14

Nails are very heavily keratinized epidermal cells that consist of nail root (embedded in skin), body (visible), and a free edge.

Question 15

Name the four exocrine glands.

Answer 15

1. Sebaceous glands
   - connected mainly to the hair follicle and secretes sebum
2. sudoriferous glands
   - sweat glands which are portions in the dermis of the skin
3. Ceruminous glands
   - modified sweat glands that produce ear wax
4. Mammary glands
   - produce milk

Question 16

What is the cutaneous receptor that lies within the epidermis and dermis and root hair plexuses and has defined recpetors in the dermal papillae?

Answer 16

Touch receptors… Meisner’s corpuscles

Question 17

What is the cutaneous receptor that has free nerve endings in the dermis and defined receptors in the deep dermis and sometimes the hypodermis?

Answer 17

Pressure receptors… Pacinian corpuscles

Question 18

Which cutaneous receptors sense changes in temperature?

Answer 18

Thermoreceptors

Question 19

Which cutaneous receptors make us feel pain?

Answer 19

Nocicereceptors