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Human A & P > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Name the two type of respiratory systems

A
  • cellular respiration

- systemic respiration

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2
Q

Inhaling exchange in your blood

A

External respiration

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3
Q

respiration bw blood and body cells

A

internal respiration

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4
Q

using oxygen to acquire nutrients from food

A

cellular respiration

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5
Q

external respiration and internal respiration are apart of what respiration?

A

systemic respiration

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6
Q

what are the organs of the respiratory system?

A
  • upper respiratory tract

- lower respiratory tract

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7
Q

the nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and the pharynx are all apart of what organ of the respiratory system?

A

upper respiratory tract

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8
Q

Contains nostrils, internal hairs that filter larger dirt particles, and bone, cartilage, muscle, and skin for support

A

Nose

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9
Q

divides the nasal cavity in half

A

nasal septum

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10
Q

mucous membrane around the nasal cavity that increase surface area and cause air to whirl

A

nasal conchae

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11
Q

psudostratified columnar epithelium, ciliated w globlet cells that warms and moistens air and traps smaller dust particles in the nasal cavity

A

mucous membrane

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12
Q

what is the purpose of cilia in the nasal cavity

A

to filter the bad things out

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13
Q

what is the trachea also known as?

A

the windpipe

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14
Q

leads into your nasal cavity and reduces weight of the skull that affects the voice

A

paranasal sinuses

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15
Q

Known as the throat that connects the respiratory and the digestive systems

A

pharynx

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16
Q

the larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs are apart of what organ of the respiratory system?

A

lower respiratory tract

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17
Q

the voice box/adam’s apple that is an enlargement, consist of mostly cartilage, ligaments that hold it together

A

larynx

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18
Q

extends anterior to the esophagus, remains open for swallowing, and has ciliated epithelium lining, and flexible w c-shaped cartilage “rings”

A

trachea

19
Q

clusters of alveoli

A

alveolar sacs

20
Q

individual air sac where gas exchange occurs with the blood

A

alveoli

21
Q

soft, spongy, cone-shaped that are surrounded by the pleural membranes and are separated by the heart/pericardium and other organs of the mediastinum

A

lungs

22
Q

name the pleural membranes the surround the lungs

A
  • visceral
  • parietal
  • pleural cavity
23
Q

name the two types of breathing mechanism

A
  • inspiration

- expiration

24
Q

amount of extra air that can be breathed in

A

inspiratory reserve

25
Q

amount of air that moves in and out in a normal respiratory cycle

A

tidal volume

26
Q

amount of extra air that can be breathed out

A

expiratory reserve

27
Q

amount of air that stays in the lungs

A

residual volume

28
Q

the largest amount of air that can be breathed out

A

vital capacity

29
Q

vital capacity plus residual volume

A

total lung capacity

30
Q

what are the 3 things that affect breathing?

A
  • chemical (chemoreceptors)
  • lung tissue stretching
  • emotions
31
Q

name the 2 chemicals (chemoreceptors) that affect breathing

A
  • oxygen

- carbon dioxide

32
Q

why does oxygen play a minor role in breathing?

A

you have plenty of it in your blood

33
Q

where does the alveolar gas exchange take place?

A

through the alveolar and capillary walls

34
Q

the diffusion of gases from areas of higher partial pressure to lower partial pressure

A

alveolar gas exchange

35
Q

where does oxygen diffuse during alveolar gas exchange?

A

into the capillaries

36
Q

where does carbon dioxide diffuse during alveolar gas exchange?

A

into the alveoli

37
Q

name the two ways gas can be transported

A
  • oxygen

- carbon dioxide

38
Q

when can oxygen be more easily released from hemoglobin

A
  • carbon dioxide levels increase
  • blood becomes more acidic
  • temperature increases
39
Q

what does oxygen form w hemoglobin during gas transport?

A

oxyhemoglobin

40
Q

7% of carbon dioxide is transported as dissolved carbon dioxide during gas transport in the what?

A

plasma

41
Q

23% of carbon dioxide transported combine w amino groups of hemoglobin which forms what?

A

carbaminohemoglobin

42
Q

70% of carbon dioxide is transported as what ion?

A

bicarbonate ions

43
Q

what enzyme does bicarbonate use to form carbonic acid?

A

carbonic anhydrase

44
Q

dissociate into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions then is transported to the plasma

A

carbonic acid

Human A & P (10 decks)

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