Metabolism and Energetics

Question 1

refers to all the chemical reactions that occur in an organism

Answer 1

metabolism

Question 2

provide the energy needed to maintain homeostasis and to perform essential functions

Answer 2

cellular metabolism

Question 3

the breakdown of organic substrates in the body

Answer 3

catabolism

Question 4

the synthesis of new organic molecules

Answer 4

anabolism

Question 5

the drive to seek food and stimulates cells to take up glucose and adipocytes

Answer 5

appetite

Question 6

hormone that controls appetite

Answer 6

insulin

Question 7

stimulated when you eat; puts off adipocytes to suppress your appetite

Answer 7

leptin

Question 8

helps enhance appetite

Answer 8

neuropeptide y

Question 9

comes from stomach; activate neuropeptide

Answer 9

ghrelin

Question 10

a complex carbohydrate found in plants that is not digestible in humans

Answer 10

cellulose

Question 11

name the fat-soluble vitamins

Answer 11

• vitamin a
• vitamin d
• vitamin e
• vitamin k

Question 12

a process of amino acid catabolism where the amino group is removed and an ammonium ion is released

Answer 12

deamination

Question 13

fat-soluble vitamin that maintains epithelia; required for synthesis of visual pigments; supports immune system; promotes growth and bone remodeling

Answer 13

vitamin a

Question 14

fat-soluble vitamin that is required for normal bone growth, intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption, and retention of these ions at the kidneys

Answer 14

vitamin d

Question 15

fat-soluble vitamin that prevents breakdown of vitamin a and fatty acids

Answer 15

vitamin e

Question 16

fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for liver synthesis of prothrombin and other clotting factors

Answer 16

vitamin k

Question 17

vitamins that are absorbed primarily from the digestive tract along with the lipid contents of micelles; carried in lipids and resistant to heat

Answer 17

fat-soluble vitamins

Question 18

oxidize carbohydrates

Answer 18

thiamine

Question 19

oxidize glucose

Answer 19

riboflavin

Question 20

oxidize glucose, synthesis of proteins and fats, formed NAD in cellular respiration

Answer 20

niacin

Question 21

part of coenzyme A, makes acetyl CoA for CAC

Answer 21

panthothenic acid

Question 22

coenzyme in amino acid and lipid metabolism

Answer 22

pyridoxine

Question 23

metabolism of amino acid, fatty acids, and synthesis of nucleic acid

Answer 23

biotin

Question 24

metabolism of amino acids and nucleic acids; rbc production

Answer 24

folacin

Question 25

synthesis of nucleic acid . metabolism of carbs and fats, rbc production

Answer 25

cyanocobalamin

Question 26

known as ascorbic acid, chemically related to monosaccharides, collagen production, iron absorption

Answer 26

vitamin c

Question 27

inorganic elements from plants and has a vital role in many metabolic processes

Answer 27

minerals