Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Anatomy > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

functions of the respiratory system

A

respiration
conditioning of inspired air
phonation
olfaction
protection from environment and invasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

upper respiratory tract

A

external nose
nasal cavity
pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

why is the nasal fossa folded

A

increases surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what type of epithelium does the upper respiratory tract have

A

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

roles of nasal fossa (cavities)

A

decreased weight of the skull
improved voice resonance
temperature insulation
conditioning of inspired air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why is the concha in the nasal cavity highly vascularised
why is it structured to create air turbulances

A

to control the temperature of the air
to allow greater olfactory sense and filtering of air to remove debris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does it mean to make inspired air conditioned

A

warm and moist/humid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what cells line the upper respiratory tract

A

pseudostratified ciliated columnar cells (mostly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

mucociliary escalator

A

cilia beating to move a carpet of mucous towards the pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does the mucosa consist of

A

epithelium and lamina propria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

rhinitis

A

excessive secretion from goblet cells
narrowing of nasal cavities
lamina propria is oedematous (swollen with fluid) and infiltrated with inflammatory cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

primary branching of bronchus

A

lobular bronchi
3 on the right and 2 on the left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what constitutes the vocal cord

A

vestibular fold
vocal folds
stridulating (rubbing to make sound)
cartilages in the larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sinusitus

A

inflamed lining of the tissue at the sinuses
swelling leads to blocking of drainage in orifices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why does the trachea have C shaped cartilage

A

allows the oesophagus to expand when swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

obstructive sleep apnoea

A

obstruction of airway due to over-relaxed muscle tone of the pharyngeal muscle

14
Q

secondary branching of bronchi

A

segmental branching
smooth muscle increases
at this point cartilage is plates instead of C shaped to allow expansion

15
Q

alveoli divisions decreasing in size

A

alveolar ducts
alveolar sacs
individual alveoli

16
Q

what type of cells line the alveoli

A

thin walled simple squamous epithelium (pneumocytes)

17
Q

pneumocyte type I vs II

A

type I - thin for gaseous exchange
type II - bigger and round, secrete surfactant

18
Q

lung with asthma

A

parasympathetic hyperactivity leading to bronchoconstriction
muscles tighten
airways swell
mucous clogs airways

19
Q

pneumonia

A

infection of the lung causes fluid/pus build up in the alveoli
prevents gaseous exchange

20
Q

pleura

A

parietal covers the inner thoracic wall surface
visceral covers the surface of the long
pleural space - serous membrane - filled with pleura fluid

21
Q

pneumothorax
specific examples and their names

A

collapsed lung, presence of air in the pleural cavity
hydrothorax - pleural effusion, fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity
haemothorax - presence of blood in the pleural cavity

22
Q

three borders and three surfaces of the lungs

A

borders: anterior, posterior, inferior

surfaces: costal, mediastinal/medial, diaphragmatic

23
Q

COPD

A

emphysema and chronic bronchitis

24
Q

reoxygenation supply to the lung and clearing of deoxygenated blood

A

bronchial arteries-vein

25
Q

what artery supply the breast and anterior chest wall

A

internal thoracic artery/internal mammary artery

26
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

blockage of blood supply to the lung

27
Q

which ribs are true, false, and floating

A

true: T1-7
false: T8-12
floating: T11-12

28
Q

primary respiratory muscles
when are primary vs accessory respiratory muscles used

A

diaphragm & external intercostal muscles
primary: respiration at rest
accessory: when changing depth and frequency

Human Anatomy (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions