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Bio > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Surfactant

A

Lowers surface tension and prevents alevoli from collapsing

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2
Q

Bicarbonate buffer system equation

A

CO2 + H2O -> HCO3- + H+ -> H2CO3

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3
Q

Muscles used in inhalation

A

External intercostal muscles and diaphragm

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4
Q

Muscles used in passive exhalation

A

Recoil from external intercostal muscles and diaphragm

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5
Q

VC (vital capacity)

A

TLC - RV = ERV + TV + IRV

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6
Q

VC definition

A

Difference between minimum and maximum volume of air in lungs

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7
Q

TLC

A

Maximum volume of air in lungs when inhaled completely, 7 L

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8
Q

RV

A

Residual volume, volume of air remaining when one exhales completely

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9
Q

TV

A

Tidal volume, volume of air inhaled/exhaled normally

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10
Q

ERV

A

Volume of additional air that can be forcibly exhaled after normal exhalation

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11
Q

IRV

A

Volume of additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after normal inhalation

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12
Q

Vasodilation and vasoconstriction are used for

A

Thermoregulation

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13
Q

Mast cell

A

Antibodies that trigger immune response

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14
Q

Pulmonary arteries

A

Carry deoxygenated blood

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15
Q

Pulmonary veins

A

Carry oxygenated blood

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16
Q

Muscles used in active exhalation

A

Internal intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles

17
Q

Immune mechanisms in respiratory system

A

Vibrissae in nares, lysozume in mucous membrane, muscociliary escalator, macrophages in lungs, mast cells

18
Q

How does the respiratory system balance pH

A

Bicarbonate buffer system

19
Q

When blood pH decreases, respiratory rate

A

Increases

20
Q

When blood pH increases, respiratory rate

A

Decreases

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