Embryology

Question 1

Ectoderm

Answer 1

Adrenal medulla, epidermis, hair, nails, nervous system, nose, mouth, lens of eye

Question 2

Mesoderm

Answer 2

Adrenal cortex, musculoskeletal, circulatory, excretory system, gonads, connective tissue layers

Question 3

Endoderm

Answer 3

Epithelial linings of digestive and respiratory system, parts of pancreas, thyroid, bladder

Question 4

Umbilical arteries

Answer 4

Deoxygenated blood, away from the fetus to the placenta

Question 5

Umbilical vein

Answer 5

Oxygenated blood, toward the fetus from the placenta

Question 6

Fetal shunts

Answer 6

Foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus, ductus venosus

Question 7

Foramen ovale

Answer 7

Connects right atrium to left atrium, bypassing the lung

Question 8

Ductus arteriosus

Answer 8

Connects pulmonary artery to aorta, bypassing the lung

Question 9

Ductus venosus

Answer 9

Connects umbilical vein to inferior vena cava, bypassing liver

Question 10

Determination

Answer 10

Cell commits to particular lineage

Question 11

Cell differentiation

Answer 11

Cell acquires structure and function of a specialized cell

Question 12

Induction

Answer 12

Cell influences differentiation of adjacent cells