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Bio > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

FSH

A

Anterior pituitary, peptide, stimulates follicle maturation and spermatogenesis

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2
Q

LH

A

Anterior pituitary, peptide, stimulates ovulation and testosterone synthesis

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3
Q

ACTH (Adrenocortico)

A

Anterior pituitary, stimulates adrenal cortex to synthesize glucocorticoids

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4
Q

TSH

A

Anterior pituitary, stimulates thyroid to produce thyroid hormones

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5
Q

Prolactin

A

Anterior pituitary, stimulates lactation

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6
Q

Endorphins

A

Anterior pituitary, decrease sensation of pain

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7
Q

Growth hormone (GH)

A

Anterior pituitary, promotes growth

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8
Q

Anterior pituitary

A

FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, Prolactins, Endorphin, GH

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9
Q

ADH

A

Hypothalamus, peptide, stimulates water resorption in kidneys

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10
Q

Oxytocin

A

Hypothalamus, peptide, labor and milk secretion

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11
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Released by posterior pituitary

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12
Q

T3 and T4

A

Thyroid, amino acid, stimulate metabolic activity

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13
Q

Calcitonin

A

Thyroid, peptide, tone down blood calcium concentrations

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14
Q

PTH

A

Parathyroids, peptide, increases blood calcium concentration

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15
Q

Glucocorticoid types

A

Cortisol and cortisone

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16
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

Adrenal cortex, steroid, increase blood glucose concentrations, decrease protein synthesis, anti-inflammatory

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17
Q

Mineralocorticoid type

A

Aldosterone

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18
Q

Mineralocorticoid

A

Adrenal cortex, steroid, increases water and sodium resorption in kidneys, promotes K+ and H+ ion excretion

19
Q

Glucocorticoid release is controlled by

A

ACTH

20
Q

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

Adrenal medulla, amino acid, increase blood glucose concentration and heart rate

21
Q

Glucagon

A

Pancreas (alpha), peptide, stimulates glycogen breakdown, increase blood glucose

22
Q

Insulin

A

Pancreas (beta), peptide, lowers blood glucose

23
Q

Somatostatin

A

Pancreas (delta), peptide, suppresses secretion of insulin and glucagon

24
Q

Testosterone

A

Testis and adrenal cortex, steroid, male reproduction

25
Q

Estrogen

A

Ovaries, steroid, female reproduction

26
Q

Progesterone

A

Ovaries, steroid, maintains endometrium

27
Q

Melatonin

A

Pineal gland, peptide, circadian rhythms

28
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Kidney, peptide, increase production of erythrocytes

29
Q

Islets of Langerhans

A

Pancreas

30
Q

T3, T4 and TRH/TSH

A

Negative feedback

31
Q

Mineralocorticoid regulation

A

Renin (R-A-A)

32
Q

ANP

A

Heart, salt and water excretion

33
Q

Thymosin

A

Thymus, T-cell development

34
Q

Steroid types

A

Glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, estrogen, testosterone

35
Q

Amino acid derivative types

A

T3, T4, epinephrine

36
Q

Peptide hormone speed

A

Fast and short

37
Q

Steroid hormone speed

A

Slow and long

38
Q

Steroid hormone mechanism

A

Binds to receptor -> conformational change -> DNA level

39
Q

Peptide hormone mechanism

A

Binds to receptor -> cAMP -> signal cascade

40
Q

Prolactin secretion is promoted by

A

Decrease in hypothalamus dopamine

41
Q

GnRH ->

A

FSH, LH -> Testosterone/estrogen (gonads)

42
Q

CRF ->

A

ACTH -> glucocorticoids (adrenal cortex)

43
Q

TRH ->

A

TSH -> T3, T4 (thyroids)

44
Q

Adrenal cortex hormones

A

Glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, cortical sex hormones

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