Respiratory System Flashcards
nas/o
Nose
exchanges air during inhaling and exhaling. Moisturizes, warms, and filters inhaled air.
sinus/o
Sinuses
produces mucas for the nasal cavaties, makes skull bones lighter in weight; aids in sound production.
pharyng/o
Pharynx
Transports air back and forth between the nose and trachea
Laryng/o
Larynx
makes speech possible. The modified upper portion of the trachea that contains the vocal cords. The larynx helps make speech/sound possible for humans, most other mammals, reptiles, and amphibians.
epiglott/o
epiglottis
a thin layer of cartilage that closes and folds over the glottis/larynx. Helps block food and liquid from entering through the trachea and getting into your lungs.
trache/o
Trachea
Transports air back and forth between pharynx and bronchi
bronchi/o
bronch/o
Bronchi
Transports air from the trachea to the lungs
alveol/o
Alveoli
Air sacs that exchange O^2 and CO^2 within the pulmonary capillary blood vessels.
pneum/o, pneumon/o, pulmon/o, pulm/o
Lungs
brings oxygen into the body and expells CO^2 and some H2O waste by way of inhaling and exhaling.
bronch/o, bronchi/o
bronchial tube/bronchus
laryng/o
larynx/throat
pharyng/o
thraot,pharynx
phon/o
sound,voice
pleur/o
pleura, sdie of the body
-pnea
breathing
pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneu
lung,air
pulm/o, pulmon/o
lung
somn/o
sleep
spir
to breathe
thorac/o, -thorax
chest, pleural cavity
trache/o, trachea
windpipe, trachea
alveoli
very samll grapelike clusters found at the end of each bronchiole
Allow for rapid gas exchange of gaseous waste CO2 for newly inhaled O2 l
anoxia
the absence of O2 from the body’s tissues and organs eventhough there is an adequate flow of blood.
antitussive
medication administered to prevent or relieve coughing
aphonia
loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech soudns
asbestosis
the form of pneumoconiosis caused by asbestos particles in the lungs.
asphyxia
the loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get oxygen it needs to function.
Lack of O2 or abundance of CO2 in that body or defined as an interuption
asthma
a chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes, often triggered by an allergic reaction and characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing
atelectasis
the incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung due to a blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax
bradypnea
an abnomrally slow rate of respiration, usually less than 10 breaths per min
bronchodilator
a medication that relaxes and exapnds the bronchial passages into the lungs.
bronchorrhea
an excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi
bronchoscopy
the visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope
bronchospasm
a contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles that tighten and squueze the airway shut.
Cheyne-Stokes respiratinons
AKA: Chayn-Stohks (short hand-med term)
An irregular pattern of breathing characterzed by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed slower repsiration or apnea.
Deep rapid breathing followed by a long pause.
croup
an acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants cahracterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarsness, and swelling around the vocal cords. resulting a in a barking cough and stridor.
cyanosis
a blusih dicoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of adquate oxygen in the blood.
hypoexmia (low O2) in the blood is a cause of cyanosis
cystic fibrosis
a life-threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with lareg quantities of abnormally thick mucus
diptheria
An acute bacterial infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract.
dysphonia
difficulty in speaking and impairment in vocal quality, including hoarsness, waekness, or cracking of the voice.
dyspnea
difficulty or labored breathing; AKA shortness of breath (SoB)
emphysema
the progressive/long term loss of lung function, usually due to smoking
empyema
an accumilation of pus ina body cavity
endotracheal intubation
the passage of a tube through the motuh into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway.
epistaxis
bleeding from the nose that may be caused by dry air, an injury, medication to prevent blood clotting, or high BP; AKA (a nosebleed).
hemoptysis
the expectoration of blood or bloodstained sputum derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as they result of pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage.
hemothorax
a collection of blood in the pleural cavity.
hypercapnia
the abnormal buidlup of CO2 in the blood.
hyperpnea
an increase in the depth and rate of the respiratory movements.
hypopnea
abnormally shallow breathing w/ or w/o a decrease in breathing rate.
describes the depth of the breathing or strong or how weak are your resp
bradypnea: describes the speed or rate of the breathing
hypoxemia
the condition of having low O2 levels in the blood.
Low O2 in blood
hypoxia
Low O2 in tissue and organs
the condition of having deficient O2 levels in the body’s tissues and organs; less severe than anoxia
laryngectomy
the surgical removal of the larynx
laryngitis
inflammation of the larynx; also commonly used to describe voice loss that is casued by this inflammation.
laryngoscopy
visual examination of the larynx a laryngoscope
laryngospasms
the sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx
mediastinum
the middle section of the chest cavity located between the lungs. This cavity contains the heart, cardiac veins, major artieries, esophagus, trachea, bronchi, the thymus gland, and lymph nodes
nebulizer
an electronic device that pups air or oxyen through a liquid medicine to turn it into a vapor, which is then inhaled by the Pt via a face mask or mouthpiece.
otolaryngologist
a physcian who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases and disorders of the head and neck
pertussis
a contagious bacterial infection of the upper espiratory tract that is cahracterized by recurrent bouts of a paroxysmal cough, followed by breathless and a noisy inspiration
pharyngitis
an inflammation of the pharaynx
phlegm
thick mucus secreted by the tissues lining of the respiratory passages
pleurisy
an inflammation of the pleura, the membranes that cover the lungs and line the pleural cavity; causes pleurodynia
pleurodynia
a sharp pain that occurs when the inflamed membranes rub against easch other with each inhalation
pneumoconiosis
any fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in th elungs after prolonged environmental or occupational contact
pneumonectomy
the surgical removal of all or part of a lung
pneumonia
a serious inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other liquid
pneumothorax
the accumilation of air in the pleural space, causing a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to full or partially collapse
polysomnography
the diagnostic measurement of physiological activity during sleep also known as a sleep study.
pulmonologist
a physcian who specializes in the diagnosing and treatment of diseases and disorders that affect the respiratory system
pulse oximeter
an external monitor placed on the patient’s fingertip or earlobe to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood.
pyothorax
a collection of pus in the pleural cavity between th elayers of the plueral membrane.
sinusitis
inflammation of the sinuses
sleep apnea
a ptentially serious disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops/starts during sleep for long enough periods to cause a measureable decrease in blood O2 levels.
spirometer
a recording device that meausures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled and the length of the time required for each breath.
tachypnea
an abnormally rapid rate of respiration, usually of or more than 20 breaths per/min
thoracentesis
the surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needlfe to obatin/drain fluid from the pleural cavity
thoracotomy
a surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment
tracheostomy
the surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea in order to insert a temorary or permanent tube to facilitate breathing
tracheotomy
a emergency procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage.
tuberculosis
an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that usually attacks the lungs; also known as TB, it can also affect other parts of the body.
