Respiratory system

Question 1

What are the 3 stages of the respiration process?

Answer 1

Pulmonary ventilation (breathing)
External respiration (CO2 into lungs, O2 into blood)
Internal respiration (O2 into cells, CO2 into blood stream)

Question 2

What is the function of the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 2

Warm and moisten air, channel air into lungs, create speech, protection

Question 3

What is the role of the larynx?

Answer 3

Abduct and adduct to make sound as air passes through vocal chords

Question 4

What are the structure of the conducting zone and their roles?

Answer 4

Trachea - tube to left and right bronchus from pharynx, protects and transports

Bronchi - Continues pathways towards lungs, beaches into main, lobar, segmental, bronchioles and terminal.

Question 5

What is the main structure of the respiratory zone and it’s role?

Answer 5

Alveolar sacs, located at end of terminal bronchioles, site of gas exchange.

Formed by:
Layer of type 1 (forms wall around air) and 2 (keeps air moist and prevent collapsing)
Epithelial basement membrane
Capillary basement membrane
Capillary endothelium

Question 6

State the respiratory tree

Answer 6

Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Larynx
Trachea
Lobar bronchi
Segmental bronchi
Respiratory bronchi
Terminal bronchi
Alveoli