Eyes and Ears

Question 1

What are the 5 special senses?

Answer 1

Vision
Hearing
Smell
Taste
Equilibrium

Question 2

What are the general senses?

Answer 2

Somatic:
- Tactile (touch, pressure, vibration, itch, tickle)
- Thermal sensation
- Pain
- Proprioception

Visceral:
- Info about internal organs

Question 3

How is vision formed?

Answer 3

At a further distance, light rays travel nearly parallel, so the ciliary msucles relax, creating a concave lens so that light refracts onto the retina.

At closer distances, the ciliary muscles contract, creating a convex shape, so light converges move onto the retina.

This process is called accommodation.

Question 4

What are the main structures of the external ear?

Answer 4

Auricle - flap of elastic cartilage covered by skin
Helix - rim of auricle, inferior portion is the lobule

Question 5

What are the bones of the middle ear?

Answer 5

Auditory ossicles:
Malleus (handle articulates with tympanic membrane)
Incus (articules with head of stapes)
Stapes (base fits into vestibular window)

Question 6

What are the main divisions of the inner ear?

Answer 6

The bony labyrinth:
- Semicircular canals
- Vestibule
- Cochlear

The membranous labyrinth:
- Lined with peristeum and contains perilymph
- Series of epithelial sacs and tubes that house the receptors for hearing and equilibrium